| 释义 |
‖ sanjak|ˈsændʒæk|
Forms: 6 saniac, saniacho, sania(c)ke, saniaque, sanjake, senjaque, zanziac, 6–7 sangiac(c)o, sangia(c)que, 6, 8–9 sangiac, 7 sangiach, saniacco, saniack, sanjack, sansack, sansiak, sanzack(e, -ake, -iack, zaniacci, -o, zanzack, 7–8 sangiak, 9 sandgiac, -jak, sangiack, sangeak, 8– sanjak.
[Turkish sanjāq; lit. ‘banner’.]
1. In the former Turkish Empire, one of the administrative districts into which an eyalet or vilayet was divided.
1537St. Papers Hen. VIII, VII. 706 note, The Begeler Bey of Grece..hath seven sanjakes. 1640E. Dacres tr. Machiavelli's Prince 25 Deviding his whole Kingdom into divers Sangiacques or Governments, he sends severall thither. 1802Edin. Rev. I. 52 A pachalic is divided for military purposes, into certain districts, called sangiacs, or standards. 1888Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 654/2 The immediate possessions of the sultan are divided into vilayets (provinces), which are again subdivided into sanjaks or mutessariks. 1895Times 25 Nov. 5/1 Perfect tranquillity reigns..in the sandjaks of Ismid, Zor, and Tchatalaja.
†2. Misused for sanjakbeg. Obs.
1546P. Ashton tr. Jovius' Turk. Chron. 126 b, The Saniackes..be the lyeutenauntes and Capitaynes of the prouinces. 1546Harvel in St. Papers Hen. VIII, XI. 160 The Saniacho of Bossena, a man of grete estimacion. 1590Sir J. Smyth Disc. Weapons 41 b, The Bashas, Bellarbies and Senjaques of the Turkes. 1632Lithgow Trav. ii. 73 Sanzacks, or Iudges deputies of Iurisdictions. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xl. IV. 99 The residence of a Turkish sanjak. 1832Encycl. Amer. XI. 196 Sangiac (Turkish horsetail) signifies, in the Turkish army, an officer who is allowed to bear only one horsetail, the pachas having two or three.
Hence † ˈsanjakry, † ˈsanjakship, = sense 1.
1615G. Sandys Trav. 211 Tendring to the Testadar or Treasurer the reuenew of that Sanziackry. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 539 Servia..was taken by the Turke in 1438, and reduced into a Sangiak-ship under the Beglerbeg of Buda. 1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. II. 121 It..consists of three Sangiakships. 1814tr. Klaproth's Trav. 9 These three names..are yet borne by a city and sangiackship in the Turkish pachalik of Servia. |