| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈsandbag, n.
Also sand-bag.
[sand n.2 Cf. G. sandsack.]
A bag filled with sand.
1. gen. (Used in proverbial simile.)
1599B. Jonson Cynthia's Rev. ii. v, All the Ladies and Gallants lie languishing... And (without we returne quickly) they are all (as a youth would say) no better then a few Trowts cast a shore, or a dish of Eeles in a Sand-bag. 1611Middleton & Dekker Roaring Girl H 3 b.
2. spec.
a. Fortif. (see quots.)
1590Sir R. Williams Brief Disc. War 50 Wooll sackes, gabions, sand bagges, faggots and such deuices. 1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II, Sand-bags, in Fortification, are Bags holding about a Cubick Foot of Sand or Earth: they are used for raising Parapets in haste, or to repair what is beaten down. 1799Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) I. 29 We did all our work last night except filling the sand bags. 1885Standard 7 Apr. 5/4 [They] marched out..to build..a block-house with timber and sand bags.
attrib.1884Milit. Engineering (ed. 3) I. ii. 72 The tools..required are..a clean sandbag, and a sandbag fork.
b. used as ballast; esp. for a boat or balloon.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. ii. v, A hapless Air-navigator, plunging, amid torn parachutes, sand-bags, and confused wreck, fast enough, into the jaws of the Devil! 1855Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Phil., Hydrost., etc. 184 The aeronaut..is provided with ballast composed of sand-bags, by casting out which he diminishes the weight of the balloon. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Sand-bags, small square cushions made of canvas and painted, for boats' ballast.
c. as a weapon. In early use, a bag of sand attached by a string to the end of a staff; also, one similarly attached to the arm of a quintain. In recent use (chiefly U.S.), a weapon used by ruffians, consisting of a long cylindrical bag (sometimes an eelskin) filled with sand, by which a heavy blow may be struck without leaving a mark.
15941st Pt. Contention D 1 b, Enter at one doore the Armourer..with a drum before him, and his staffe with a sand⁓bag fastened to it, and at the other doore, his man with a drum and sand-bagge. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. ii. iii. (1674) 136 [He] was set upon by some..who beat him so cruelly with Sand-bags, as they left him for dead. 1678Butler Hud. iii. ii. 80 They now begun With law and conscience to fall on..Engag'd with money⁓bags, as bold As men with sand-bags did of old. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Quintain, A slender Beam..at one of whose Ends was a sloap or flat Board, and at the other a Bag of Sand or Dirt.—The Sport was..to ride a-tilt at the Board, and..to escape the Blow of the Sand-Bag. 1871Rossetti Poems, Last Confess. 512 And there I handed him [the mountebank] his cups and balls And swung the sand-bags round to clear the ring. 1894Stead If Christ came 354 The predatory rich do not shrink even from using the sandbag and the revolver—of course by deputies.
d. A bag or cushion filled with fine sand, used (a) in Engraving, as a support for the plate; (b) in Surg. as a support for a set limb.
1658Phillips, A Sand-bag, in Etching or Graving, is that on which they use to turn their plate. c1790J. Imison Sch. Art ii. 46 Let the table..be firm..upon which place your sand-bag with the plate upon it. 1837Whittock, etc. Bk. Trades (1842) 214 (Engraver) The sand-bag, or cushion,..is for laying the plate upon, for the conveniency of turning it in any direction, but is seldom used by artists. 1873E. Spon Workshop Receipts Ser. i. 149/1 A sand-bag, on which to rest the block whilst engraving it.
1875W. R. Smith Lect. Nursing viii. 144 The rest of the limb must now be bandaged, and sand bags placed along either side of it.
e. A long narrow cylindrical bag, usually of flannel, containing fine sand, and used to cover a crevice and exclude draught or light.
1808E. Weeton Let. 8 Nov. in Jrnl. of Governess (1969) I. 123 Scarce a window or a door was permitted to be opened. My room window was fastened down, and stuffed with sand-bags. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade. 1908A. C. Benson Altar Fire 225 The poky, comfortable arrangements,..the sand-bags for the doors, all spoke of a timid invalid life.
3. The stomach of a crab.
1895in Funk's Standard Dict. (marked ‘Eng.’).
▪ II. ˈsandbag, v.
[f. prec.]
1. a. trans. To furnish with sandbags.
1860Cornh. Mag. Oct. 440 The Bank [was] sandbagged and barricaded. 1906Daily Chron. 11 Dec. 10/5 He not only fastens all his windows, he sandbags them.
b. intr. To attend to sandbags.
1928Sat. Even. Post 4 Feb. 100/2 One of the chauffeurs had just finished fueling the plane. ‘You fly her,’ said Andy. ‘I'll sandbag.’
2. To fell with a blow from a sandbag. Also fig., to bully or coerce; to criticize or lambaste.
1887Courier-Jrnl. (Louisville, Kentucky) 2 Feb. 6/2 The next day Claytor turned up at Central Station with a fairy story that he had been sand-bagged on his way home. 1889Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch 16 Sept., John Lehner and Henry Koontz were sandbagged Saturday night. 1897Howells Landl. Lion's Head 421 He had not been sand⁓bagged, or buncoed. 1901Congress. Rec. 23 Jan. 1345/1 [This district] is lying in wait, as it were, from one year's end to the other, awaiting an opportunity to sandbag the public. 1903‘O. Henry’ in Ainslee's Mag. Feb. 59/2 About what figure had you and the kalsominer agreed to sandbag the state for? 1919Daily News 12 Mar. 8/1 While the [German] revolution was being side-tracked in Parliament it was being sand-bagged in the proletariat. 1973Globe & Mail (Toronto) 4 May 6/1 Each will attempt to sandbag the Liberals into adopting its policies. 1974Listener 27 June 818/1 Mr Heath and Mr Wilson sandbagging each other at televised press conferences.
3. Poker. To refrain from raising at the first opportunity in the hope of raising by a greater amount later.
1940O. Jacoby On Poker v. 36 The time to sandbag is when you have three of a kind or better. 1950G. S. Coffin Poker Game Compl. vi. 71 Jacks back sometimes offers a fine chance to sandbag. 1977D. Anthony Stud Game i. 7 He fondled his stack of blue chips. He was sandbagging me. I gave him the same dose of silence. 1978Sci. Amer. July 112/3 By under-representing a strong hand (sand-bagging) and thus keeping his opponents from folding a player may increase the pot he expects to win.
Add:[3.] b. transf. To underperform in a race or competition in order to gain an unfair handicap or other advantage. slang.
1985Los Angeles Times 7 Oct. iii. 13/2 If the Rams had crunched the Vikings by three or four touchdowns, Robinson would have had to admit he was sandbagging, that he really might be sitting on..a truly hot team. 1986Telegraph (Brisbane) 11 Nov. 40/1 Did Australia III ‘sandbag’ on the last leg of her America's Cup Defender Trials match yesterday to allow stablemate Australia IV to win and gain two vital points? 1988Daily Tel. 7 Sept. 17/6 I've actually seen them sandbagging—setting up the boat to sail slow.
Hence ˈsandbagging vbl. n.
1940O. Jacoby On Poker v. 35 Sandbagging occurs when a player who has a good hand..decides to pass in the hope that someone else will open. 1965Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 19 Dec. c-7 Ten Detroit bowlers lost $21,000 of $30,000 in prizes..when they were judged guilty..of ‘sandbagging’—gaining an unfair advantage in handicap and classified tournaments by using..established league averages which did not reflect their true abilities. 1983Age (Melbourne) 10 Sept. 5/6 Sandbagging around several lowlying homes continued yesterday as the floodwaters rose. 1986Telegraph (Brisbane) 11 Nov. 40/3 My colleagues..said they were astounded at the result, which produced loud jeers and cries of ‘sandbagging’ from yachting journalists. |