| 释义 |
‖ samizdat|ˈsæmɪzdæt, səmɪzˈdat|
Also with capital initial.
[Russ., abbrev. of samoizdátel′stvo self-publishing house, f. samo- self + izdátel′stvo publishing house.]
The clandestine or illegal copying and distribution of literature (orig. and chiefly in the U.S.S.R.); an ‘underground press’; a text or texts produced by this. Also transf. and attrib. or as adj. Phr. in samizdat, in this form of publication.
1967Times 6 Nov. (Russia Suppl.) p. xxii/4 A vast and newly educated [Soviet] population..do not pass around the precious samizdat (unpublished) manuscripts. 1968tr. I. A. Yakhimovich Let. in Probl. of Communism July–Aug. 48/1 One must not speculate with the honor of the state, even if a certain leader wants to end samizdat. 1968Time 27 Sept. 22/2 Those lines [of Solzhenitsyn] have not been published in the Soviet Union. But they are nonetheless read and passed from hand to hand in samizdat, the readers' answer to Soviet censorship. 1970New Statesman 20 Feb. 241/1 The underground distribution of manuscripts and their publication abroad means that the samizdat writers have—at least in the eyes of the authorities—opted out of the Soviet scheme of things. 1971Guardian 15 July 13/8 Nicolae Ceausescu's latest puritanical damper on ‘Bourgeois Influences’ in Rumania coincides with the first case of underground ‘Samizdat’ literature to come from there. 1973R. Rosenblum Mushroom Cave 55 I've told you how effective the samizdat network has been in circumventing the repression of criticism. 1977M. Walker National Front vii. 182 The NF samizdats which did so much to pollute the atmosphere of NF life during the year [sc. 1975]. 1977Time 28 Nov. 30/2 An exhibit of clandestine samizdat in the Correr Museum. 1978Manch. Guardian Weekly 27 Aug. 7 Jiri Hrusa's novel ‘The Questionnaire’, which was printed by the Prague Samizdat. 1980Times Lit. Suppl. 3 Oct. 1094/4 The strongest works to have come out since 1962—Solzhenitsyn's The First Circle [etc.]..—have appeared, and could only appear, in samizdat.
Hence samizˈdatchik [Russ. -chik, agent suffix], one who takes part in the writing, copying, and distribution of samizdat material (pl. samizdatchiki).
1972N.Y. Times Mag. 10 Sept. 92 To fill their reserves..the samizdatchiki seek ties with other cities... They arrive with copies of the originals, which have been given abroad. 1979N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 20 May 3/2 He assiduously collects information for the samizdat journals..writes pseudonymous articles for samizdat and spends weeks on end retyping the Chronicle and other materials from Moscow in multiple copies. He is the quintessential samizdatchik. |