| 释义 |
salvation|sælˈveɪʃən|
Forms: α. 3 sauvaciun, 4–5 sauvacion, -acioun, savacion, -acyon, -acioun, 5 savation, (savacyowne, -asyon, -aysione, sawacyon); β. 4 salvaciun, 4–5 -acioun(e, -acyoun, 4–6 -acion, -acyon, -atioun, (5 -acyone, -atioune, 6 -acione, -aciounn, -atiounn, -atyon, Sc. sallwatioun), 4– salvation.
[a. OF. sauvacion, -un, salvatiun, etc., mod.F. salvation (Pr., Sp. salvacion, Pg. salvação, It. salvazione), ad. late L. salvātiōn-em, n. of action f. salvāre to save.]
The action of saving or delivering; the state or fact of being saved.
1. a. The saving of the soul; the deliverance from sin and its consequences, and admission to eternal bliss, wrought for man by the atonement of Christ. [eccl. L. salvatio, rendering Gr. σωτηρία.]
a1225Ancr. R. 242 Hwat te were leouest efter þi sauuaciun. a1300Cursor M. 17958 (Arundel MS.) His owne sone shal he sende doun In erþe to monnes saluatioun. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 126 Sorwe of synnes is sauacioun of soules. 14..Hoccleve Ad beatam Virginem 53 O spryng and welle of our sauuacioun. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. iii. 92 Some acte That ha's no rellish of Saluation in't. 1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xxxviii. 245 The joyes of Life Eternall, are in Scripture comprehended all under the name of Salvation, or being saved. 1709Lady M. W. Montagu Lett., To Mrs. Hewet (1887) I. 23 His first wife..ventured her own salvation to secure his. 1738–9Bp. Butler Serm. S.P.G. 9 It is indeed true, God willeth that all men should be saved: yet..the Salvation of every man cannot but depend upon his Behaviour. 1816Scott Old Mort. xxx, Men who believed that the pale of salvation was open for them exclusively. 1841Trench Parables ix. (1877) 181 The whole economy of salvation has been put into Christ's hands.
b. in formulas of asseveration.
c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 332 (381) God so wys be my sauacioun. c1386― Manciple's Prol. 58 By my sauacion I trowe lewedly he wolde telle his tale. 1598B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. (Qo. 1601) ii. iii. E 4, Bob. I assure you (vpon my saluation) 'tis true. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 154 Foure thousand Spaniards (for so the prisoner that we tooke delivered them to be upon his salvation).
†c. year of (man's) salvation, a year reckoned from the birth of Christ: after med.L. anno salutis.
1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 160 b, In the yeare of mans salvation .m.c.lxxi. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. (1637) 624 About the yeere of Salvation 1328.
d. transf. and fig.
1886Times 14 May 9/5 Mr. Campbell-Bannerman ‘found salvation’ in the shape of a conviction of the necessity of Home Rule, some time after the general election.
e. Phr. to work out (one's own) salvation; freq. fig., to be independent or self-reliant in striving towards one's goal.
1535Coverdale Phil. ii. 12 Euen so worke out youre awne saluacion with feare and tremblynge. 1678S. Butler Hudibras iii. i. 86 With Crosses, Relicks, Crucifixes, Beads, Pictures, Rosaries and Pixes: The Tools of working out Salvation, By meer Mechanick Operation. 1818Keats Let. 9 Oct. (1931) I. 243 The Genius of Poetry must work out its own salvation in a man: It cannot be matured by law and precept, but by sensation and watchfulness in itself. 1881T. R. Davids tr. Buddhist Suttas i. vi. 114 Decay is inherent in all component things! Work out your salvation with diligence! 1891Anthony's Photogr. Bull. IV. 88 Only those who have worked out their own photographic salvation can realize the difficulties to be overcome. 1911L. T. Hobhouse Liberalism iv. 80 Let every people be free to work out its own salvation. 1948A. J. Toynbee Civilization on Trial x. 210 It is for other Muslims to work out their salvation for themselves as may seem good to them. 1957A. Thwaite Ess. Contemp. Eng. Poetry ix. 142 His [sc. Robert Graves'] self-imposed isolation from English literary life has left him free to work out his own poetic salvation and to take an idiosyncratic view of what everyone else is writing. 1981Daily Tel. 12 Jan. 14/3 There are those..who resist the radicals' attempts to force their ‘rights’ upon them, and prefer to work out their own salvation.
f. (With initial capital.) ellipt. for (a member of) the Salvation Army.
1889Longman's Mag. Feb. 407 My father says he is shamed to be called an Inglishman when he sees how the Salvation is knocked about and prossecuted. He says people will hold a drunken man up, but will knock a Salvation down.
2. gen. Preservation from destruction, ruin, loss, or calamity. In mod. use chiefly with more or less allusion to sense 1.
† for or in salvation of: in order to save or preserve.
c1374Chaucer Boeth. i. pr. iv. 10 (Camb. MS.) Shal I clepe it..a synne þat I haue desired the sauacion of the ordre of the senat. c1384― H. Fame i. 208 That he shulde drenche Lorde and lady, grome and wenche, Of all the Troian nacion Withoute any savacion. 1411Rolls of Parlt. III. 650/2, I havyng doute of harme of my body, in myn entent for salvation of myself dyd assemble thise persones. c1430Brut 438 To gouerne and kepe the londe..in sauacion of his pepull and good kepynge of his Rewme. c1440Gesta Rom. lxix. 317 (Harl. MS.) The lady drowe to a bord, the which bare hire to þe londe; And þe maister tooke an othir bord, and so passid to þe londe, But neither of hem knewe of otheris saluacion. 1465Marg. Paston in P. Lett. II. 202 In any thyng that he canne doo tochyng the savacyon of the dedys gode, other in lyflode, other in other godys, he sayth that he wyll doo. 1472–3Rolls of Parlt. VI. 52/1 [Your Petitioner] in salvation of his lyffe..came forth and submitted hym to the said Riottours. 1544tr. Littleton's Tenures (1574) 11 The wife may doe this for salvacion of the state of the wardeine in chivalry. 1611Bible 1 Sam. xiv. 45 Shall Ionathan die, who hath wrought this great saluation in Israel? 1806Med. Jrnl. XV. 18 The remedy..to which I owe the salvation of numbers, is cold bathing. 1849–50Alison Hist. Europe X. lxvi. §35. 147 Many a Burgoyne has capitulated because the means of salvation were not..put into his hands. 1850Carlyle Latter-d. Pamph. ii. (1872) 65 When men have a purse and a skin, they seek salvation at least for these. 1861Bright Sp. Amer. 4 Dec. (1868) I. 184 What then do you think would have been the regard of the Government..for personal liberty, if it interfered with..the salvation of the State? 1898Daily News 30 Sept. 2/3 He thought the salvation of the District Company,..depended to a certain extent on the substitution of electricity for steam.
3. A source, cause or means of salvation; a person or thing that saves. Now chiefly in phr. to be the salvation of.
c1374Chaucer Compl. Mars 213 My right lady, my sauacyon. c1440Lydg. Horse, Shepe & G. 42 (Lansdowne MS.) Hors in cronyclis, wo-so looke a-riht, Hav be savacion to many a worthi knyht. 1539Bible (Great) Ps. xxvii. 1 The Lorde is my lyght, and my saluacion. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 15 The talents and even the virtues of her first six French Kings were a curse to her. The follies and vices of the seventh were her salvation. 1878Holbrook Hyg. Brain 62 Sleep is the salvation of the nervous system.
4. Comb., as salvation banner, salvation-monger, salvation-work; salvation-contemning adj.; salvation history = Heilsgeschichte; Salvation Jane = Paterson's curse s.v. Paterson; Salvation lassie = lass 1 d.
1931R. Campbell Georgiad ii. 33 One or two whose love is not unfurled Like a *salvation banner to the world.
1919Kipling Years Between 63. Drunk with enormous, *salvation-contemning Love for a tinker.
1959Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Mar. (Relig. Bks. Section) p. vi/4 Such people are also rejecting the Incarnation, Crucifixion and Resurrection as events in ‘*salvation-history’. 1962[see kerygma]. 1977E. Quinn tr. Küng & Lapide's Brother or Lord 20 We ought to ask..how far the Jew..can help us to reach a more authentic understanding of Jesus: an understanding which brings home to us afresh the continuity of salvation history.
1911Jrnl. Dept. Agric. S. Austral. XV. 305 (heading) *Salvation Jane. 1912Ibid. XV. 679, I went to considerable trouble..in cutting down every plant of ‘Salvation Jane’ on a portion of my farm. 1937Lady Rockley Some Canadian Wild Flowers 5 There are tracts in New South Wales and South Australia covered with a Viper's Bugloss..but there it is a noxious weed reprobated by the names of ‘Paterson's Curse’ and ‘Salvation Jane’. 1970P. W. Michael in R. M. Moore Austral. Grasslands xxiii. 356/2 Phalaris tuberosa has been shown to give excellent control of Salvation Jane or Patersons's curse in south-eastern South Australia.
1891A. James Diary 7 Apr. (1965) 188 Lifting up her voice in prayer as she knelt among the *Salvation lassies. 1972P. M. Hubbard Whisper in Glen iv. 34 These slight, intense men had to have their pound of flesh, whether it was a blowsy trollop..or a Salvation lassie.
1874Motley Barneveld I. viii. 345 The arch-heretic Arminius, the *salvation-monger.
1656T. Watson One Thing necessary 9 *Salvation-work is difficult in regard of the deceits about the work. |