| 释义 |
Salmonella Bacteriol.|sælməˈnɛlə|
Also salmonella. Pl. -ellæ, -ellas, (erron.) -ella.
[mod.L. (coined in Fr. by J. Lignières 1900, in Bull. de la Soc. centrale de Méd. Vét. XVIII. 389), f. the name of Daniel Elmer Salmon (1850–1914), U.S. pathologist + L. -ella (see -el2).]
1. A member of the genus of pathogenic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria so called, which includes some causing food poisoning, typhoid, and paratyphoid in man and various diseases in domestic animals.
1913H. J. Hutchens tr. Besson's Pract. Bacteriol. 442 Lignières proposed to designate all those organisms which had the morphological and cultural attributes of the bacillus of hog-cholera..by the name Salmonella after Salmon. 1920Lancet 10 Jan. 96/2 So long as there appeared to be but two types in this group of the Salmonellas,..there was little need to find a name in common for them. 1932J. H. Dible Rec. Adv. Bacteriol. (ed. 2) iv. 79 White..adduces evidence of the presence of common antigenic complexes, relating these to the enteric and food-poisoning salmonellas. 1944L. R. Thompson Introd. Microorganisms xix. 269 Salmonella have been ingested with meats, fish,..dairy products,..and drinking water. 1951Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 588/1 Dr. Williams Smith and Professor J. C. Cruickshank have been inquiring into the danger cats and dogs may convey by acting as reservoirs of the salmonellæ, noxious bacteria which cause food-poisoning in man. 1979Daily Tel. 19 Sept. 12/8 Twenty-seven of 64 samples of poultry manure yielded salmonella. 1980Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Mar. 928/2 Zoonotic pathogens, such as salmonellas.., may be present in any type of slurry.
2. = salmonellosis.
1962Telegraph (Brisbane) 27 Aug. 32/2 He believed there was a risk in the sale of kangaroo meat. It..carried Q fever and salmonella. 1977Shooting Times & Country Mag. 13–19 Jan. 27/3 There is still the possibility of such diseases as forms of Salmonella (now a notifiable disease) being spread over a wide area.
3. attrib.
1916A. I. Kendall Bacteriol. xv. 344 These organisms are variously known as the hog cholera, Salmonella, Gärtner, enteritidis, intermediate, paracolon or paratyphoid group. 1920Lancet 10 Jan. 95/1 The whole Salmonella group is considered a particularly variable one. 1925J. W. Bigger Handbk. Bacteriol. xxviii. 259 There are two chief types of bacilli which are responsible for isolated cases or epidemics of food poisoning... Both these are exceedingly closely rated to B[acillus] paratyphosus B, and together with it form what is called the ‘Salmonella’ group. 1963Lancet 19 Jan. 161/1 Most outbreaks of salmonella infection result from the contamination of a single article of food which is then eaten by a number of individuals. 1979Daily Tel. 9 Aug. 7/3 A woman..died in hospital after an outbreak of salmonella food poisoning. |