| 释义 |
biosphere|ˈbaɪəsfɪə(r)|
[ad. G. biosphäre (E. Suess 1875, Entstehung d. Alpen 159), f. bio- + sphere.]
The regions of the earth's crust and atmosphere that are occupied by living organisms; occas., the living organisms themselves; also transf.
1899H. R. Mill Internat. Geogr. 4 Some geographers even bring in the layer of living matter to complete four parts of the physical globe—the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. 1909H. B. C. Sollas tr. Suess's Face of Earth IV. 637 It brings with it the idea of a biosphere, which assigns to life a place above the lithosphere. 1931J. A. Thomson in W. Rose Outl. Mod. Knowl. vi. 204 The Biosphere of living organisms, both plants and animals. 1949W. C. Allee et al. Princ. Animal Ecol. xxxv. 729 Life and habitat are integrated into an evolving ecosystem, ultimately incorporating the entire biosphere of the earth. 1957P. Dansereau Biogeography iii. 125 The biosphere is that part of the earth's crust and atmosphere which is favorable to at least some form of life. 1962F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics vi. 297 A mature civilization..would possibly create an artificial biosphere at a comfortable distance from its star to sustain a greatly expanded population. 1968Guardian 16 Sept. 1/8 The biosphere, i.e. living things and the milieu in which they exist. |