| 释义 |
biochip, n.
Brit. |ˈbʌɪəʊtʃɪp|, U.S. |ˈbaɪoʊˌtʃɪp|
[‹ bio- comb. form + chip n.1]
Chiefly Computing. Any of various microchip-like objects containing or consisting of biological elements, working in a biological environment, or combining some of these features within a single device; spec. (a) a silicon microchip inside a living organism; (b) a (hypothetical) logical device analogous to a silicon chip, but whose components are formed from biological molecules or structures; (c) a chip of silicon or other solid material on which microscopic arrays of molecules such as DNA sections or polypeptides are mounted for simultaneous testing or analysis.
1980Austral. Electronics Engin. Nov. 63 Such an ‘intelligent’ implantable sensor for monitoring and controlling might be termed a biochip. 1984Your Computer June 53/2 A team from Warwick University..has managed to implant a simple biochip in the body of a man with heart disease to monitor his beat. 1986Analyt. Biochem. 157283 Reversible affinity binding of NAD-dependent dehydrogenase to an NAD-coated silicon surface (‘NAD biochip’) has been accomplished. 1987T. Forester High-tech Society ii. 39 In ‘digital biochips’, molecules would imitate the binary on/off functions of transistors, while in ‘analog biochips’ enzymes might make possible a more graduated response to signals using their 3-D geometry. 1992Byte July 100 This short-lived biochip revolution proved embarrassing for scientists and investors alike, but this was because of its wildly optimistic misjudgement of the time scale rather than because its ideas were inherently unlikely. 1997Spirit June–July 22/1 Instead of credit cards, why not a simple biochip implant. One small piece of silicon under the skin would enable total freedom from bulging pockets of plastic and metal. 1999Guardian (Electronic ed.) 6 May Making a biochip involves laying down a forest of DNA material onto a glass substrate. 2001Biotechnol. & Bioengin. 73 324 The results show that a simple, low-cost adsorption process can deposit active protein onto a chip in an approach that has potential application in the development of protein biochips for the detection of biological species. |