| 释义 |
Bilharzia, bilharzia|bɪlˈhɑːzɪə|
[mod.L., f. the name of Theodor Bilharz (1825–62), a German physician who discovered the parasite in 1852.]
a. A genus of trematode worms parasitic in the veins of the pelvic region and urinary organs of human beings, esp. in Egypt and other parts of Africa. Also attrib.
1859T. S. Cobbold in Trans. Linnean Soc. XXII. iv. 364 Bilharzia magna (mihi)... Up to the time of Bilharz's discovery of Distoma hæmatobium, all the flukes were considered hermaphrodite... Trematodes possessing so marked a structural peculiarity as D. hæmatobium..deserve, I think, to be generically separated from Distomata properly so called, and I have therefore employed the indefatigable discoverer's name for this purpose. 1864― Entozoa 203 The blood..forms the proper habitat of the Bilharzia. 1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. 202 Diœcious Trematodes are very rare, the most important being the formidable Bilharzia. 1916Brit. Med. Jrnl. 18 Mar. 411/1 Three species..were infected with certain cercariae, which developed in mice under experimental conditions into bilharzia worms. 1963Times 16 May 14/7 Perennial streams which are clear and cool to the eye but full of bilharzia.
b. By extension = bilharziasis.
1889Brit. Med. Jrnl. 20 Apr. 891/2 Cases of Bilharzia. Mr. Anthony Bowlby showed..organs..from two cases of this disease. 1937C. L. Leipoldt Bushveld Doc. ii. 44 To-day bilharzia is as easily curable as malaria. 1961New Scientist 21 Sept. 714/1 Bilharzia..is a widespread disease in many tropical countries.
Hence bilˈharzial, bilˈharzic adjs.; bilharzˈiasis, -ˈosis, the disease produced by the presence of this worm in the bladder; = schistosomiasis.
1893Lancet 9 Sept. 622/1 The rules I laid down many years ago for the prevention of bilharzial infection..are still appropriate. 1900Dorland Med. Dict. 109/2 Bilharziasis, bilharziosis. 1903Philad. Med. Jrnl. 31 Jan. 208/1 Bilharziosis of the kidney may show primary bilharzic lesions and secondary bilharzic lesions. 1906Lancet 27 Oct. 1178/2 The liver proved to be a typical specimen of advanced bilharzial cirrhosis. Ibid., A remarkable case of bilharziasis. 1913Glasgow Med. Jrnl. Jan. 15 Egypt has well been termed the ‘home of bilharziosis’. 1959J. Clegg Freshwater Life (ed. 2) xix. 312 Bilharziasis..in some parts of the world has been said to affect every third person. |