| 释义 |
bidding, vbl. n.|ˈbɪdɪŋ|
[f. bid v. + -ing1.]
1. a. The offering of a price for an article; a bid.
a1300Cursor M. 8819 (Gött.) Bot for na biding [v.r. beting, beding, profur] þat þai bide Ne miht þai do it stand in stede. 1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2050/4 The Bidder to advance 6d. per Gross upon each bidding. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola (1880) I. i. i. 15 Let me have the bidding for that stained suit of yours, when you set up a better. 1878Black Gr. Past. 310 He had listened to one or two of the biddings.
b. Card-playing. The act or process of making a bid or bids (see bid n. 2). Also attrib.
1880‘Trumps’ American Hoyle 229 A player having the highest bid, must declare the suit he plays in as soon as the bidding ceases. 1908W. Dalton Auction Bridge vii. 103 The bidding is quite the most interesting, as well as the most exciting, feature of Auction Bridge. 1908L. Hoffmann Five Hundred 14 The bidding is continued till no player will go any further. 1928[see score n. 22]. 1929M. C. Work Compl. Contract Bridge p. xii, To claim that any sound bidding system can be reduced to the simplicity of a multiplication table. 1958Listener 6 Nov. 753/2 Over Two Diamonds I bid Two Hearts rather than Three Diamonds to preserve bidding space.
†2. The action of asking pressingly, of begging or requesting; request, desire, entreaty. Obs.
a1225Ancr. R. 108 Er þen þet biddunge arere eni schaundle. c1340Cursor M. 7131 (Trin.) Þat bruyd was of biddyng bolde, Sampson al þe soþe hir tolde. 1340Ayenb. 194 No þing ne is zuo diere y-boȝt; ase þet me heþ be biddinge.
†3. The action of praying; prayer. Obs.
1297R. Glouc. 280 Þoru byddynge of Seyn Dunston, ys soule com to blys. 1340Ayenb. 219 Moyses ouercom amalec . be his holy biddinges. c1440Promp. Parv. 35 Byddynge or praynge, oracio, deprecacio, supplicacio.
4. Invitation, summons.
1810Tannahill Kebbuckston Wed., We a' got a bidding, To gang to the wedding. 1869Times 18 Aug., The Pope sent a bidding to the Patriarch of Constantinople..the Patriarch returned a distinct refusal.
attrib.1863Miss Sewell Chr. Names II. 401 The beed-stick—bidding-stick, or summons to the muster.
5. A command, order, injunction. to sit any one's bidding (Sc.): to neglect his order to go.
a1300Cursor M. 3093 Þi biding wil we do ful fayn. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xv. xxix. (1495) 499 By byddynge of his fader. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 34 b, I haue not founde the disobedyent to my byddynges. 1601Shakes. All's Well ii. v. 93, I shall not breake your bidding, good my Lord. 1634Rutherford Lett. xliii. (1862) I. 132, I would..swim through the water ere I sat His bidding. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. App. 790 Whatever Godwine did he did at the bidding of his lord.
6. bidding of beads, beads-bidding; bidding of prayers, bidding prayer. As to these expressions there has been a series of curious misapprehensions. The original meaning down to the Reformation was ‘praying of prayers,’ i.e. saying of prayers, praying; cf. bid v. 7 e. From an early date in the Christian church, it was the custom to request the prayers of the faithful in behalf of certain persons and things; and in the 16th c., in England, forms of allocution or direction to the congregation, telling them whom and what to remember in ‘bidding their beads’ or ‘prayers’ were authoritatively put forth. As bid in the sense of ‘pray’ was now becoming obsolete, the meaning of the expression was forgotten after the Reformation, and bid taken in the sense of ‘order, direct,’ so that in the reign of Elizabeth the ‘bidding of prayers’ was applied to the allocution itself, as if = ‘the directing or injoining of prayers.’ With the later use of the vbl. n. as a gerund directly governing an object, we have in the 17th c. ‘the form of bidding prayers’ or ‘prayer’ (= precationem hortandi); and later still, a misunderstanding of the grammatical construction in this phrase has given rise to the vulgar error of calling this exhortation to the people (in which ‘concionatores populum hortabuntur ut secum in precibus concurrat’ Sparrow Collect. Articles, 1671) ‘the bidding-prayer,’ as if it were itself a kind of prayer qualified by the attribute ‘bidding.’
c1175Lamb. Hom. 69 Þurh festing and þurh wacunge, and ec þurh ibodenes biddunge. [1349in Coxe Forms Bid. Prayer 11 Ye shulle stonde up and bydde your bedys..Ye shull also bydde for the stat of Holy Cherche, etc.] 1535Act 27 Hen. VIII, xxv, In al..their sermons, collacions, biddinges of the beades. 1539Hilsey Primer, An order and form of bydding by the Kynges Commandment. Ye sholl praye for the whole congregasion, etc. 1563Homilies ii. Idolatry (1859) 236 For the which [the cross] they pray in their beads bidding. a1746Lewis in Coxe Forms Bid. Prayer Pref. 12 Two ancient forms of bidding the bedes or praying the prayers on Sundays and Holydays 1349, 1483.
c1550Injunct. Edw. VI in R. Glouc. (Hearn) 624 The fourme of biddyng of the common prayers. Fyrst you shall pray for the whole congregatyon of the true chrysten and catholyke churche of Chryste. And specyally for the churche of Englande and Irelande, etc. 1559Injunct. D iv, The fourme of bidding the prayers to be used generally in this uniforme sorte. Ye shall praye for Christs holy catholic church, etc. 1622Sparrow Bk. Com. Prayer (1661) 257 This form of bidding Prayers is very ancient. 1680Old Puritan Detect. 5 A Form..of Bidding Prayer, wherein the Priest was not to speak to God, but only to the people, exhorting them to pray instantly for such and such persons and things. 1685Stillingfl. Orig. Brit. iv. 224 At the Bidding of Prayers, which was a direction for the People what to pray for in their private Devotions. 1732Neal Hist. Purit. I. 49 The custom of bidding prayer, which is still in use in the Church, is a relick of Popery. 1782Priestley Corrupt. Chr. II. viii. 126 What they call bidding prayers, or an exhortation to pray for such and such things. 1885Oxford Univ. Cal. 31 The Form of Bidding Prayer before the Latin Sermons.
1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., We have a form of these bidding-prayers in the apostolical constitutions. 1840Coxe Forms Bid. Prayer Pref., A concise view of the history of the Bidding Prayer. 1879Wace Bampt. Lect. vi. 157 The bidding prayer read at the commencement of these Lectures is but an echo of this ancient supplication. 1885Public Opin. 9 Jan. 36/2 That there should not be wanting, in the language of the bidding prayer, a due supply of fit persons qualified to discharge the functions of Royalty. |