| 释义 |
▪ I. betray, v.|bɪˈtreɪ|
Forms: 3–5 bitrai(e, -y(e, by-, betraye, 4–7 betrai(e, 4– betray. pa. pple. 5 betrayne.
[ME. bi-, betraien, f. bi-, be- 2 + traien tray, a. OF. traïr:—L. tradĕre to deliver, hand over.]
1. a. trans. To give up to, or place in the power of an enemy, by treachery or disloyalty.
c1275Passion Our Lord 93 in O.E. Misc., On me scal bi⁓traye · þat nv is vre yuere. a1300Cursor M. 16514 Iudas..come als traitur ful fals his lauerd for to be-trai. 1382Wyclif Jer. xxvi. 15 An ynnocent blod ȝee shul betraȝe aȝen ȝou self. c1400Destr. Troy xxviii. 11196 The toune to be-tray, truly, þai thoght. 1526Tindale Matt. xxvi. 21 Verely I saye vnto you, that one of you shall betraye [Wyclif, bitraye] me. 1584D. Powel Lloyd's Cambria 374 Lhewelyn was betraied by the men of Buelht. 1718Pope Iliad x. 521 Once a traitor, thou betray'st no more. 1862Stanley Jew. Ch. (1877) I. xiii. 265 The faithless guardian..tempted to betray the sacred treasure.
†b. To give up or expose to punishment. Obs.
1590Shakes. Com. Err. v. 90 She did betray me to my owne reproofe. 1598― Merry W. iii. iii. 207 To betray him to another punishment. 1660Stanley Hist. Philos. (1701) 87/1 Circumvented and betrayed to excessive Punishments.
2. a. To be or prove false to (a trust or him who trusts one); to be disloyal to; to disappoint the hopes or expectations of.
a1300Cursor M. 1634 ‘Noe,’ God said, ‘i tell till þe, All þis world bitrais me.’ c1384Chaucer H. Fame 294 Let us speke of Eneas How he betrayed hir allas. c1430Syr Tryam. 165 (Halliw.) Syr, he sayde, for certenté, Your quene hath you betrayne. c1590Marlowe Dido v. i, Why wilt thou so betray thy sons good hap? 1791Burke Corr. (1844) III. 278 People who..betray every cause that they have in hand. 1844A. Welby Poems (1867) 24 Those whom I trust are the first to betray.
b. fig. To prove false to, let go weakly or basely.
1614Lodge Seneca 1 Without any election we rather betray than bestow our benefits. 1624Quarles Job (1717) 171 Worn bare with grief, the patient Job betraid His seven-days silence. 1765H. Walpole Otranto iii. (1798) 51 Scorning..to betray the courage he had always manifested.
†3. loosely. To cheat, disappoint. Obs.
1588Shakes. Tit. A. v. ii. 146 Reuenge now goes To lay a complot to betray thy foes. a1704T. Brown Sat. Quack Wks. I. 65 Her much wrong'd child was of its life betray'd.
4. a. To lead astray or into error, as a false guide; to mislead, seduce, deceive (the trustful).
c1250Lay 8924 He wende [þat Andr]ogius bi-traie [c 1205 swiken] hi[ne wo]lde. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 137 Had hem bitraied with his sophistrye. 1604Shakes. Oth. v. ii. 6 Yet she must dye, else shee'l betray more men. 1647Cowley Mistr., Bargain i, Take heed, take heed, thou lovely Maid, Nor be by glittering ills betraid. 1775Johnson Tax. no Tyr. 35 Their wit has not yet betrayed them to heresy. 1860Pusey Min. Proph. 239 Pride and self-confidence betray man to his fall.
b. spec. To induce (a woman) to surrender her chastity by false promises; to seduce. Also absol.
1766Goldsmith Vic. W. xxix, When lovely Woman stoops to folly, And finds too late that men betray. 1891Hardy Tess xvi, A conviction not so entirely unknown to the ‘betrayed’ as some amiable theorists would have us believe. 1926J. Black You can't Win v. 52 Betrayed and deserted, she stole enough of her father's money to take her to the city and into a hospital where her baby was born.
5. To disclose or reveal with breach of faith (a secret, or that which should be kept secret).
1735Pope Prol. Sat. 298 Who tells whate'er you think, whate'er you say, And, if he lie not, must at least betray. 1798Ferriar Illustr. Sterne v. 150 The officious doctor..betrayed his patient's confidence. 1848Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 65 He betrayed to Barillon all the schemes adverse to France. 1855Tennyson Maud ii. v. 34.
6. To reveal or disclose against one's will or intention the existence, identity, real character of (a person or thing desired to be kept secret).
1588Shakes. L.L.L. i. ii. 138, I do betray my selfe with blushing. 1667Milton P.L. iv. 117 Ire, envie and despair..betraid Him Counterfet. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. ii. 650 Antick Vests; which, thro' their shady fold, Betray the Streaks of ill-dissembl'd Gold. 1759Johnson Rasselas xv, Lest they should betray their rank by their unusual behaviour. 1822Proctor (B. Cornwall) A Voice, She tries to hide The love her eyes betray.
7. To reveal, disclose or show incidentally; to exhibit, show signs of, to show (a thing which there is no attempt to keep secret).
1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 426 His Bowels bruis'd within, Betray no Wound on his unbroken Skin. 1711Addison Spect. No. 106 ⁋3 If he coughs, or betrays any Infirmity of Old Age. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. II. 174 A temple of this sort, which betrayed great antiquity. 1841Myers Cath. Th. iii. §14. 51 An irreverence which betrays an utter unconsciousness of our due position. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 92 No prince of the house of Lancaster betrayed a wish to renew the quarrel with the Church.
▪ II. † beˈtray, n. Obs. rare—1.
[f. prec. vb.]
= next.
1600Chapman Iliad xxiv. 74 O thou that to betray and shame art still companion! |