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▪ I. benefice, n.|ˈbɛnɪfɪs|
Forms: 4 benyfice, -iss, benefise, benfice, 4–5 benefys, 5 -fyce (bonfice), 6 benyfyce (bunfyce), 7 beni-, 4– benefice.
[a. OF. benefice, ad. L. beneficium, f. bene well + -ficium a doing: cf. benefic.]
†1. A good deed, kindness, favour; a grace or ‘indulgence.’ Obs.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5582 Agayne þam sal Crist allege..And reherce his benefices, mare and les. c1380Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 200 Þanke þei God for al his mercyes and benefices. c1400Apol. Loll. 11 Alle þat persewen for swilke indulgens, or benfices, or oþer graces. 1549Compl. Scot. 20 Them that ar ingrate of the benefecis of gode. 1677Gale Crt. Gentiles III. 109 He can incline them..to performe his benefices or to inflict his punishments.
†2. Favourable influence or operation; advantage, favour, protection, benefit. Obs. exc. Hist.
1424Paston Lett. 4 I. 14 He schuld no benefice take by noon proteccion. c1440Gesta Rom. xlix. 174 The knyȝt seide to the iuge, ‘My lorde, I aske the benefice of [the law].’ 1685Baxter Paraph. Peter ii. 3 Their business is to sell Souls to the Devil for their own worldly Benefice. 1875Poste tr. Gaius i. Introd. 24 Justinian's benefice of inventory,..was another fundamental change in hereditary succession.
b. benefice of clergy: see benefit 3 c.
1489Act 4 Hen. VII, xiii, Euery persone..whiche ones hath bene admitted to the benefice of his clergie.
†3. Beneficial property or action (as of natural agents or causes). Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden (1865) I. 415 Many benefices of kynde Beeþ now i-hidde fro manis mynde. c1420Pallad. on Husb. ii. 365 The bonfice of sonne and wynde wol harde Hem sure ynough. a1520Myrr. Our Ladye 210 Theyr fruytes..shall..the more parfytly wax rype of the benefyce of the hete. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 77 Made to consist by the stars, and to thrive, or dwindle away, according to the benefice, or malefice, of their influences?
†4. A gift; gratuity. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Confession Wks. (1880) 331 Who shuld take ony benyfiss of þe puple. c1440Gesta Rom. 349 Myghty men..have resceived benefice, after her wille.
5. Land granted in feudal tenure, a fief. (Only in modern legal and historical writers, as transl. L. beneficium.)
[1681Nevile Plato Rediv. 87 If these Beneficia had not afterwards been made Hereditary.] 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Benefice was an estate in land, at first granted for life only..In after times, as these tenures became perpetual and hereditary, they left their name of beneficia to the livings of the clergy. 1861Maine Anc. Law vii. (1876) 229 Benefices..were grants of Roman provincial land to be holden by the beneficiary on condition of military service. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. (1876) I. iii. 92 Rewarding their followers with grants of land, in short with benefices or fiefs. 1876Digby Real Prop. i. §2. 38.
6. esp. An ecclesiastical living.
1340Ayenb. 42 Þe prouendres and þe parosses oþer oþre benefices of holy cherche. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 33 And bigge ȝow benefices pluralitie to haue. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. iv. (1520) 32 b, That no bysshop sholde be receyved into his benefyce but with the popes letters. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. iv. 81 Then he dreames of another benefice. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. II. /554 He had a small benifice in Norfolk conferr'd on him, but could not pass the Triers. 1756Blackstone Comm. I. ii. xviii. 220 In case a benefice becomes void by death. 1855Prescott Philip II, ii. iii. 229 A tract which he published against plurality of benefices.
7. Comb. and attrib., as benefice farm, benefice-monger; also beneficeless adj., destitute of a benefice.
1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. ii. 76, I aduise al benefice mongers, that haue mo charges than one, to take heede to themselues. a1654Selden Mirr. Antichr. 190 (R.) That competency of means which our beneficeless precisians prate of. 1882Pall Mall G. 14 July 4/2 There are the contadini who work the benefice farm.
▪ II. benefice, v.|ˈbɛnɪfɪs|
Also 4–5 benefise, beny-, 6 benifice.
[f. prec. n. Cf. OF. beneficier.]
trans. To endow or invest with a benefice or church living.
c1383Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 330 A worldly clerk..is preised and benefised among grete men. 1393Langl. P. Pl. C. iv. 186 Hue blesseþ [MS. F (a 1500) benefiseth] þese byshopys. 1494Fabyan vii. 400 Certayne aliauntes, whiche were rychely benyficed in Englande. 1608T. James Life Wickliffe K iv, He had sometimes before beene..beneficed in Oxford. 1826Southey in Q. Rev. XXXIV. 338 The many eminent men who have been beneficed in that cathedral.
Hence ˈbeneficed ppl. a. holding a benefice.
c1425Wyntoun Cron. ix. xxvii. 385 Benefist Men and Chanownis..Of þat kyrk. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iv. 28 b, The secular Priestes: which are partly beneficed men, that is to saye, haue benefices whereupon to liue. 1704Lond. Gaz. No. 4034/1 The humble Address of the..Beneficed Clergy. 1850Lytton My Novel v. x. 250 Your father was such a respectable man—beneficed clergyman! |