| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈruffing, vbl. n.1
[f. ruff v.2]
The action of making a ruff at cards. Also attrib., as ruffing element, ruffing trick, ruffing value.
1611Florio, Ronfamenti,..also ruffings at cardes. 1850Handbk. of Games (Bohn) 162 Ruffing, playing a trump to any other suit. 1885Proctor Whist 76 A trump lead may be purely defensive, made simply to prevent ruffing. 1930E. Culbertson Contract Bridge Blue Bk. iv. 60 The..characteristic of the Supporting Hand lies in the use of ruffing tricks. 1936‘Lucian’ Straight Bid xii. 126 In actual play the result is materially affected by..ruffing values, etc. 1950Bridge from ‘Times’ ii. 63 This is a pretty example of the use of the long trump hand to make ruffing tricks. 1952I. Macleod Bridge xii. 143 The introduction of the ruffing element, and the problems of trump management make the play in a suit contract far more difficult and intricate. 1971Country Life 22 Apr. 973/1 The ruffing element which obtains in a suit contract. 1977Bridge Mag. Sept. 153/2 His ruffing values being distinctly unimpressive he quickly converted to seven no-trumps.
▪ II. ˈruffing, vbl. n.2 Sc.
[f. ruff v.3]
The action of applauding with the feet.
1836Dundee Advertiser 25 Nov., On reading the minutes, there was some ruffing. 1843Carlyle in Froude 1st 40 Yrs. (1882) I. 313 Ruffing of applausive barristers over table oratory heard at a distance. 1869A. Macdonald Settlement (1877) 87 (E.D.D.), Great ruffing in the gallery.
▪ III. ˈruffing, vbl. n.3
[See ruff v.5 2, and roughing vbl. n. 2.]
The process of working beaver felt into a hat-body. Also concr. the felt used for this purpose.
1845G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. V. 165 This layer, which is called a ‘ruffing’, or ‘roughing’, is a little larger than the cap body. Ibid. 166 In the process of ‘ruffing’, each fibre of fur..enters the substance of the felt cap. 1886Holland Cheshire Gloss. s.v.
▪ IV. ˈruffing, ppl. a.1
[f. ruff v.4]
Blustering.
1628Ford Lover's Mel. v. i, Like ruffing winds lock'd up in caves.
▪ V. ˈruffing, ppl. a.2
[f. ruff v.1]
That forms or rises in ruffs.
1865R. D. Blackmore in Macm. Mag. XII. 33/1 The blackcocks..swell their ruffing breasts, and crow for their rivals to spar with them. |