| 释义 |
Rufai|ruːˈfɑːiː|
Also † Rifa'ee, † Rufaee, Rufa‘i. Pl. as sing. or -s.
[Turk. Rufai, ad. Arab. rifā‘ī, f. the name of Aḥmad al-Rifā‘ī (d. 1183), the founder of this order.]
A howling dervish (see quot. 1877 and dervish), one of an order of Muslim friars pledged to poverty and self-mortification.
1832G. A. Herklots tr. Jaffur Shurreef's Qanoon-e-Islam xxviii. 291 Rufaee or Goorz-mar, they originate from Syed Ahmud Kubeer, whose fuqeers strike the point of the goorz against their breasts, or into their eyes, level blows at their backs with the sword, thrust a spit through their sides, or into their eyes. 1836E. W. Lane Acct. Manners & Customs Mod. Egyptians I. x. 310 The Rifa′'ee durwee′shes are celebrated for the performance of many wonderful feats. 1868J. P. Brown Dervishes ii. 51 Ahmed Sa'eed Rufâ'ee was the founder of the Order of the Rufâ'ees, generally known among European travellers as the ‘Howling Dervishes’, from their peculiar mode of worship. 1877Encycl. Brit. VII. 114/1 This leads to the Devr, or rotation, in which the Rufai, or Howling Dervishes, stand in a circle, shoulder to shoulder, each on his right foot, and swaying the body and the left leg backwards and forwards or from side to side. 1885T. P. Hughes Dict. Islam 120/1 Some..wear tall caps called kulāhs, made also of felt; and others, such as the Rufā‘īs, use short caps called Tāqīyah, to which is added a coarse cloth. 1900‘Odysseus’ Turkey in Europe v. 192 There are several orders..the most important being the Bektashis, the Mevlevis, and the Rufais (the two latter commonly known to Europeans as dancing and howling dervishes). 1928W. B. Seabrook Adventures in Arabia xiii. 251 The objective of our pilgrimage was a monastery of the Rufai, or Howling Dervishes—a sect fundamentally different from the Whirling Melewi—in the mountains between Hama and Aleppo. 1965Encycl. Islam (rev. ed.) II. 164/2 The Sa‘dis, Rifā‘īs and Aḥmadīs have particular feats, peculiar to each tarīḳa, of eating glowing embers and live serpents or scorpions and glass, or passing needles through their bodies and spikes into their eyes. |