| 释义 |
psychologist|ps-, saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst|
[f. psychology + -ist: cf. physiologist.]
1. a. One who makes a study of, or is skilled in psychology; a student or teacher of the science of mental phenomena.
1727Bailey vol. II, Psychologist, one who treats concerning the soul. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. I. vi. 113 Many eminent physiologists and psychologists visited the town. 1834Southey Doctor xi. (1862) 30 A metaphysician, or as some of my contemporaries would affect to say, a psychologist. 1859Edin. Rev. Oct. 290 The real point of separation between the à priori and the à posteriori psychologists.
b. A person who is not an expert in psychology, yet has, or claims to have, insight into the motivation of human behaviour. colloq.
1896W. Cucher Theatrical World of 1896 56 In a word (though he would probably not know the meaning of the word), he must be a profound psychologist. 1951A. P. Herbert Number Nine xv. 203 Why on earth had he answered all those perilous questions?.. The ‘mad Admiral’..must be a pretty subtle psychologist. 1957P. Lafitte Person in Psychol. 1 Psychology has several meanings... It may mean the person's ordinary conduct of his affairs and it does mean this when he has done something ingenious or subtle and so thinks of himself as a bit of a psychologist.
2. Phr. psychologist's fallacy (see quots.).
1890W. James Princ. Psychol. I. vii. 196 The great snare of the psychologist is the confusion of his own standpoint with that of the mental fact about which he is making his report. I shall hereafter call this the ‘psychologist's fallacy’ par excellence. 1902Baldwin Dict. Philos. & Psychol. II. 382/2 Psychologist's fallacy, the fallacy, to which the psychologist is peculiarly liable, of reading into the mind he is examining what is true of his own; especially of reading into lower minds what is true of higher. 1931Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. XXI. 243 A danger to be avoided known as the ‘psychologist's fallacy’. This arises from the fact that the experimenter is apt to suppose that the subject will respond to a stimulus or an order in the same way as he himself would respond in the circumstances. |