| 释义 |
▪ I. route, n.|ruːt|
Forms: 3 rute, 4–6, 8– route (6 roote, 7 rote, routte); 6–9 rout (6 Sc. rowt).
[a. F. route (OF. also rute):—L. rupta (sc. via), fem. of ruptus broken: cf. rout n.1 and n.2 for other developments of meaning.
Found in ME., and in the end of the 16th cent., but not finally adopted until the beginning of the 18th; from that time down to c 1800 the usual spelling was rout. The pronunciation |raʊt|, which appears in early 19th cent. rimes, is still retained in military use, and by many speakers in the U.S. and Canada.]
1. a. A way, road, or course; a certain direction taken in travelling from one place to another; a regular line of travel or passage. Also, used in various countries, esp. the U.S. and France, with a following numeral to designate a particular highway (also fig.).
a1225Ancr. R. 350 Þe gode pilegrim..ne etstont nout ase foles doð, auh halt forð his rute. c1315Shoreham i. 1358 Wo-so lokeþ, ne geþ he nauȝt derk, Ac lyȝt ine lyues route. c1410Master of Game (MS. Digby 182) xxii, Hunters also beyonde þe see callen of an herte or of a boore þe routes and þe paas;..paas þei clepe þe goynges where a beeste gooth, and þe routes where as he is ypassed.
1568Satir. Poems Reform. xlvi. 52 Steir be the compas, and keip hir rowt. 1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. ii. 5 b, The Captaine generall commaunded, that..they shuld every one make, and keepe, their roote or course to Cabo Verde. 1594Blundevil Exerc. (1597) 204 The Mariners.., to bee the better assured of their routes and courses on the sea, do deuide euery quarter of the Horizon into 8 seuerall windes. Ibid. 330.
α1677Phil. Trans. XII. 880 The Routs, Courses and Distances of the principal Ports. 1710Lond. Gaz. No. 4732/1 We were to take the Rout through the Sarfana. 1774J. Bryant Mythol. II. 58 He is said to have persevered in his rout westward. 1808Parsons Trav. Asia, etc. iv. 77 We still remained in camp, the ground being too swampy to continue our rout. 1835Willis Pencillings I. iii. 28 It is impossible to conceive a rout of more grandeur than this famous road along the Mediterranean from Nice to Genoa.
β1748Anson's Voy. Introd., The chart of that northern Ocean, and the particulars of their route through it. 1749Chesterfield Lett. clxiv. (1774) II. 469, I leave the choice of the route to you. 1794Paley Evid. (1800) 80 They parted from one another, and set forwards upon separate routes. 1840Thirlwall Greece lix. VII. 359 Antigonus..attempted to overtake him, by a different route, which traversed the plains north of the Sangarius. 1877Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. x. 113 They had gone by separate routes to separate ports. 1924N.Y. Times 21 Dec. viii. 9/7 Route 2 is the high⁓way from Scranton Pa...to Montreal. 1933Kipling Souvenirs of France i. 18 That was the Rhone Road, Route 7. 1938Travel June 37/1 From New York there are three delightful motor routes..all picking up Route 6. 1962‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed v. 41 You haven't fooled me. You're on Route Zero. 1970Washington Post 30 Sept. b4/1 Fredericksburg location is just off route 95.
b. In transf. or fig. uses.
1630Lord Banians 88 As some report, the River Ganges was carried from her wonted Rote, to runne in a new chanell. 1673O. Walker Educ. 6 The narrow, rough, and unbeaten routtes of Industry and labour. 1738Warburton Div. Legat. I. 377 This Emulation disposed him to take a different Rout to Fame. 1781Cowper Conversat. 213 At ev'ry interview their route the same, The repetition makes attention lame. 1824Byron Juan xv. li, It wearies out. So the end's gain'd, what signifies the route? 1884tr. Lotze's Metaph. 374 Nature seems..to reach many of her ends by long circuitous routes. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 547 Micro-organisms may sometimes enter by this route and thus invade the meninges.
c. U.S. An established stage by which post is conveyed prior to delivery.
1792Deb. Congress U.S. 10 Jan. (1849) 58 The route by which the mails are at present conveyed shall in no case be altered. 1821Ibid. 31 Dec. (1855) 47 Praying that the route of the mail from Savannah to Augusta..may not be altered. 1874Ann. Rep. Postmaster-General (U.S. Post-Office Dept.) 209 Each railway post-office clerk..is required to attach to each package of letters he makes up a facing or label-slip bearing the address of the package, the office or route upon which it was made up.
d. N. Amer. A round travelled regularly by someone collecting, delivering, or selling goods, such as newspapers or milk.
1841Jamestown (N.Y.) Jrnl. 5 May 2/4 He succeeded in obtaining possession of a route for a morning penny paper. 1849C. Mathews Moneypenny xiii. 119 Go up⁓stairs, and tell Wages to give you the St. John's Park route. He'll fix your pay. 1868, etc. [see paper route s.v. paper n. 12]. 1874, etc. [see milk-route s.v. milk n. 10]. 1939J. P. Marquand Wickford Point x. 108 Her father ran a milk route and drank hard cider. 1976Washington Post 19 Apr. c14/4 (Advt.), Routes are available in the metropolitan Washington area to aggressive persons who are experienced Route Sales people.
e. Phr. to go the route: in Baseball, to pitch for an entire game; also transf. in Boxing; fig., to go the full distance, to go all the way. U.S.
1913Chicago Record-Herald 16 Mar. viii. 1/5 This was the first complete battle Cicotte has pitched, and he was watched closely to see if he could go the route. 1926J. Black You can't Win xvi. 230 If a Chinese doesn't like you he will keep away from you; if he does like you he will go the route. 1933Amer. Speech Oct. 36/1 He went the route without being kayoed. 1948Chicago Tribune 8 May ii. 3/3 Bill Voiselle went the route for the Braves. 1963I. Fleming On H.M. Secret Service iv. 45 She made love with the fervour and expertness of a girl who, in the American phrase, had ‘gone the route’. 1974Index-Jrnl. (Greenwood, S. Carolina) 18 Apr. 11/3 Steve Rogers went the route, giving up six hits.
2. Routine, regular course. rare.
1725Fam. Dict. s.v. Blood, Those who use sick Persons only by a certain Rout, order them to be bled. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 293 It seems to me there was pretty much regularity in the rout of the disease. 1854Thoreau Walden Concl., It is remarkable how..insensibly we fall into a particular route, and make a beaten track for ourselves.
3. Mil.
a. The order to march.
1751Fielding Amelia I. i. ix. 68 This Letter was from his Captain, to acquaint him, that the Rout, as they call it, was arrived, and that they were to march within two Days. 1784R. Bage Barham Downs II. 118, I was under the care of a surgeon, and our route came for a march. 1796Grose's Dict. Vulgar T. (ed. 3), Rout, an order from the Secretary at War, directing the march and quartering of soldiers. 1826G. R. Gleig Subaltern iii, Nor was it till the evening of the 27th that the long-expected route arrived. 1878Major Griffiths Eng. Army iii. 67 ‘Routes’, or marching orders, are issued by the Quarter⁓master-General's people.
fig.1844W. H. Maxwell Sports & Adv. Scot. xxxix. (1855) 306 Old Daly found his route had come.
b. In phr. to get, or give, the route, to receive, or issue, marching orders.
1848Thackeray Van. Fair xxiv, As transports were in plenty, they would get their route before the week was over. Ibid. xxxii, ‘I don't move till O'Dowd gives me the route,’ said she. 1886Mrs. J. H. Riddell For Dick's Sake ii, We are expecting to be sent on active service immediately, and..I don't care how soon we get the route. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 120 A feeling of..satisfaction possessed him when he got the route for Warbrok.
c. column of route, the formation assumed by troops when on the march.
1802C. James New Mil. Dict., s.v. March, His next care must be the arrangement of all its different component parts, with which he will form his column of route. 1844Queen's Regul. & Ord. Army 179 A Column of Route is to proceed with as extensive a front as the road will permit. 1976Broadcast Dec. 17/2 There can be few occupations so completely degrading as marching in column-of-route.
4. attrib., as (sense 1) route book, route card, route check, route-form, route-map, route marker, route-mile, route-mileage, route number, route planning, route proficiency; route-proving adj.; (sense 3) route column, route march (hence as v. intr.), route-marching; route-goer Baseball, one who goes the route (see sense 1 e above); hence route-going a.; routeman, route man N. Amer. = roundsman 3; also, a salesman who works a particular route (see sense 1 d above); hence routemanship; route salesman N. Amer., a salesman who works a particular route (cf. routeman); so route sales, route salespeople; route sheet N. Amer., an engagement itinerary for a touring company or artist.
1910(title) *Route book for the British Isles. 1975Oxf. Compan. Sports & Games 702/2 The correct route, which the organizers convey to the crew in route-books.
1931Amer. Speech VI. 335 *Route-card,..a table or schedule issued to show people giving the ‘stands’ for about ten days in advance. 1963P. Drackett Motor Rallying iii. 39 British rallies require only the accurate plotting of six-figure map references plus the ability to..read from a simple route-card.
Ibid. 37 *Route checks, or passage controls, are also a feature of the majority of rallies.
1954W. Faulkner Fable 6 It was a whole battalion..emerging from the Place de Ville in close *route column.
1888Pennell Sent. Journ. 99 The *route-form was passed from one to the other.
1967Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. ii. 3/1 The Philadelphia 76ers had five *route-goers..while Hal Greer missed only one game.
1976Billings (Montana) Gaz. 17 June 2-h/4 Doug DeCinces and Lee May each hit three-run homers to support 39-year old Mike Cuellar's first *route-going performance of the season.
1918Nat. Laundry Jrnl. 1 May 56/1 It really matters little whether he be known as a *route man, salesman, or representative... Good route men are scarce. 1943Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.) 29 May 8 (Advt.), In the face of a 40% reduction in gasoline mileage your routeman will call on you three times each week as in the past. 1976Billings (Montana) Gaz. 2 July 9-c/1 (Advt.), Excellent opportunity for a Route Man to take over present route & expand.
1945U.S. Armed Forces Educ. Man. em 991. xiii. 136 This chapter explains the elements of *routemanship.
1883Science II. 86/1 A *route-map of Russia in Europe.
1895W. S. Churchill Let. 27 Feb. in R. S. Churchill Winston S. Churchill (1967) I. Compan. I. viii. 559, I went out with the regiment on Friday to a *route march—which was very fine. 1909Blackw. Mag. Sept. 396/1 They have all been called out to some absurd inspection, or route march, or manœuvres, or something. 1934Webster, Route-march, v.i. 1939Airman's Gaz. Dec., You route march into the local swedeville. 1977D. Bagley Enemy xxix. 231 Benson had a cushy billet for a soldier in wartime. Not for him route marches in the pouring rain.
1789Rules & Regulations Field Exercises & Movements Army in Ireland i. 54 In Common *Route marching the same regularity of step cannot be required, as is necessary in the operation of manœuvre. 1868Queen's Regul. & Ord. Army §1118 The Troops on home Service are to be practised in route marching once a week.
1925N.Y. Times 5 Aug. 8/3 The shield of the United States was adopted today as a model for the outline of *route markers for the system of national highways. 1968M. Woodhouse Rock Baby xv. 148 Plenty of people cross various borders..when they can't see the route-markers.
1911Encycl. Brit. XXII. 824/2 In Europe the average *route-mile capital is {pstlg}27,036. 1962Observer 25 Mar. 1/5 Route-mileage is the length of routes, as distinct from the length of individual sets of tracks. British Railways cover about 18,500 route-miles. 1967Listener 26 Jan. 123/1 A maximum of 100 m.p.h. is now possible over about 360 route-miles of British Rail.
1924N.Y. Times 21 Dec. viii. 9/7 The *route number is painted in figures five inches high. 1973D. Westheimer Going Public iv. 64 He memorized the route numbers of the buses.
1967Jane's Surface Skimmer Syst. 1967–68 51/1 The Central Electricity Generating Board..is constantly faced with *route-planning problems.
1959Wallis & Blair Thunder Above iii. 15 His first trip as captain would be a *route-proficiency check.
1957Times 21 Dec. 5/3 The flight..completed their *route-proving programme before the beginning of commercial operations.
1937DeArmond & Graf Route Sales Managem. 4 Another factor in *route sales distribution, the accurate anticipation of customer demand.
1937Job Descriptions of Laundry Industry 253 Route-Man, Route Driver, *Route-Salesman... Drives a Delivery Truck over an established route to collect washing from and deliver it to customers' houses. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 13 Feb. 33/7 (Advt.), Route Salesman..required by supplier of industrial garments.
1976Washington Post 19 Apr. c14/4 (Advt.), Route Sales. Routes are available..to aggressive persons who are experienced *Route Sales people.
1916Variety 27 Oct. 12/2 Sam Sidman's Own Show is on the Columbia *route sheet to play there. 1941W. C. Handy Father of Blues xiv. 195 Each one..had been copying other pluggers' borrowed route-sheets and submitting them to me as evidence of work done by themselves.
‖5. en route |ɑ̃rut| (also en-route, N. Amer. enroute), on the way.
1779in Jesse Geo. Selwyn, etc. (1844) IV. 112 On which day he would certainly be en route with Mie Mie. 1857Tait's Mag. XXIV. 165 Bread, biscuits, jams, and other things not procurable en route. 1867Latham Black & White 34 Informing a friend..that certain goods were en route to him from England in a certain ship. 1872Shand Shooting Rapids I. vii. 119 They changed horses twice en route. 1955Times 10 May 10/3 In the course of his journey to Leeds the Prime Minister made several speeches en route. 1956R. Braddon Nancy Wake ix. 93 He would attempt to escape somewhere en route to Gerona. 1967Boston Sunday Herald 26 Mar. vi. 4/1 (Advt.), Enroute to Miami with overnight stays in Wash., D.C., [etc.]. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 7 Feb. 11/3 You can take advantage of Sitmar's ‘Cruise Plus’ feature which allows stopovers enroute home. 1978Nature 5 Oct. 363/2 US spacecraft are now en-route to Venus, Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus.
▪ II. route, v.|ruːt|
[f. the n.]
a. trans. To mark as available, to send or forward, to direct to be sent, by a certain route.
For the pronunc., see the n.
The pres. pple. is spelt routeing (the better form: cf. note s.v. routeing vbl. n.) or routing.
1890Whitby Gaz. 21 Nov. 3/5 Passenger tickets used on the Scarborough and Whitby Railway.., whether such tickets be routed or not. 1893Pall Mall G. 25 Jan. 2/1 Goods routed this way are taken by rail to Duluth. 1893M. H. Cushing Story of our Post Office 235 Here are the carriers themselves, engaged in ‘routing’ the mail. 1926J. Black You can't Win ix. 113 The papers were carefully read at night, and the next morning ‘routed’ through the prison. 1926N.Y. Times Mag. 15 Aug. 6 Complaints were routed past the complaint department to the President's office. 1952Oxf. Mag. 24 Jan. 142 An attempt is made to govern, by routing it through the Proctors, the growing spate of information. 1959Daily Tel. 17 Mar. 13/2 A minute later he routed the Liverpool Street–Norwich train through. 1960Washington Post 16 Nov. a16 West Germany's share of a greater European effort in NATO would have to be routed through NATO organs. 1961L. Mumford City in Hist. (1966) xvi. 567 Major through-traffic streams must be routed around residential areas. 1971P. Gresswell Environment 105 Others [sc. footpaths] might be better routed round field edges than through the middle of fields. 1971D. Potter Brit. Eliz. Stamps xiii. 142 Very large postings in bulk attract substantial discounts. They are routed by second-class mail. 1977Daily Tel. 20 Jan. 17/4 The organising committee intends to prevent a repetition by routeing the procession through wide streets.
b. To schedule or bill.
1916Variety 22 Oct. 12/2 Rud Hynicka's show..will not play the Star and Garter next week as routed. 1932L. C. Douglas Forgive us our Trespasses (1937) xiii. 253 Deducing from time-tables, Dinney hypothetically routed Joan to arrive at six-thirty on Thursday evening.
c. To direct (an electrical signal or transmission of any kind, as a telephone call) over a particular circuit or path, or to a particular location.
1948J. Atkinson Telephony I. xii. 234/2 The group centre extends the call to the zone centre where it is routed to the distant zone centre exchange. 1956B.B.C. Handbk. 1957 50 The sound components of the various contributions are routed and switched simultaneously with the vision. 1962Listener 3 May 770/2 If one operator on the lunar surface wished to communicate with another operator a dozen miles away, his only method would be to route his signal by way of the Earth. 1964F. L. Westwater Electronic Computers i. 6 By means of electronic switching devices a word is routed to the correct address in the store. 1973Daily Tel. 22 Jan. 2/1 The dialling code for Rome is 010 39 6. The digits 010 route the call to the international automatic exchange in London, 39 routes to Italy, and the final 6 is the code number for Rome. 1973Physics Bull. Feb. 109/1 The reference channel plug-in..accepts a reference signal derived from a chopper, which enables the plug-in to control and route the signal pulses to two counting channels.
▪ III. route
obs. form of root.
▪ IV. † route
perh. an error for rook n.1
a1529Skelton P. Sparowe 449 The churlysshe chowgh; The route and the kowgh. |