| 释义 |
▪ I. bacon, n.|ˈbeɪkən|
Forms: 4 bacoun, 4–5 bakoun, 5 bacun, 5–6 bakon, 6 baken, 5– bacon.
[a. OF. bacon, -un (= Pr. bacon, med.L. bacōn-em), a. OHG, bahho, bacho, MHG. bache, backe, buttock, ham, side of bacon:—OTeut. *bakon-, cogn. w. *bako-z, back n.1; cf. ODu. baken bacon.]
1. The back and sides of the pig, ‘cured’ by salting, drying, etc. Formerly also the fresh flesh now called pork.
c1330Poem temp. Edw. II, 388 in Pol. Songs 341 For beof ne for bakoun..Unnethe wolde eny do a char. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 194 As a bondman of his bacoun his berde was bidraueled. c1386Chaucer Wife's Prol. 217 The bacoun was nought fet for hem..That som men fecche in Essex at Donmowe. c1460Fortescue Abs. & Lim. Mon. (1714) 73 In Fraunce, the People salten but litill meate, except their Bacon. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §121 Her [a sow's] body..wyll be as good baken as a hogge. 1620Venner Via Recta iii. 53 Bacon is not good for them that haue weake stomacks. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. II. xxxi. 181 A regular allowance of bacon was distributed to the poorer citizens.
†2. The carcase of a pig; rarely a live pig. Obs.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 2696 Wyþ grys, & gees, & capouns..Wiþ motoun, & bef & bakouns. 1549–52in Strype Cranmer App. xlix. 137 Ye are like for to be taken, And quartered like a baken. 1603Kyd Span. Trag. (T.) A young bacon, Or a fine little smooth horse-colt. 1768Pennant Zool. I. 17 The carcases of..80 beeves, 600 bacons, and 600 muttons.
3. transf. The blubber of a whale. ? Obs.
1712Phil. Trans. XXVII. 446 The Fat of a Whale, which we call Bacon, and out of which we boil the Train-Oyl.
†4. A rustic, a clown, a ‘chaw-bacon.’ Obs. (Referring, like many of the compounds, to the fact of swine's flesh being the meat chiefly consumed by the rural population of England.)
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, ii. ii. 93 On Bacons, on, what ye knaues? Yong men must liue.
5. Phrases:
a. to save one's bacon: to escape injury to one's body, to keep oneself from harm. to bring home the bacon: see bring v. 1 d.
1654T. Ireland Momus Elenticus 5 Some fellowes there were..To save their bacon penn'd many a smooth song. 1677W. Hughes Man of Sin ii. iv. 75 Farewel Transubstantiation else! but 'tis a silly shift to save their Bacon. 1691Weesils i. 5 No, they'l conclude I do't to save my Bacon. 1693in Catal. (fictitious) Bks. in Harl. Misc. (1745) V. 269/2 In dubiis tutior pars: Or, the broad Way to save a Man's Bacon, and damn his Soul. 1812Combe (Dr. Syntax) Pictur. vi. 22 But as he ran to save his bacon, By hat and wig he was forsaken. 1931Belloc Cranmer viii. 149 Cranmer had just saved his bacon. It had been a very close thing.
b. to sell one's bacon, i.e. one's flesh or body.
1825Carlyle Schiller iii. (1845) 163 To the Kaiser, therefore, I sold my bacon, And by him good charge of the whole is taken.
6. Comb. and attrib., as bacon-curer, bacon-factor, bacon-merchant; bacon-flitch, bacon-ham, bacon-pot, bacon-rack, bacon-rind; bacon beetle, the larder-beetle (see larder 3); bacon-brains, a clownish blockhead; bacon-face(d, having a fat sleek face; bacon-farced a., stuffed with bacon; bacon-fed a., fed on bacon, rustic, clownish; bacon-hog, -pig, one specially fattened for making bacon; † bacon-man, a curer of, or dealer in, bacon; † bacon-picker, opprobrious name for a glutton; † bacon-slicer, a rustic.
1832W. D. Williamson Hist. Maine I. 171 Dermestes Lardarius, *Bacon Beetle. 1855Poultry Chron. III. 404/2 The bacon beetle..is a common insect in houses in April, May, and June. 1959E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Isles i. 267 The infamous Bacon Beetle..occurring in England and Ireland. Besides its association with bacon, it also occurs in hides and dead animal matter.
a1634Randolph Answ. B. Jonson Poems (1668) 56 Their *bacon-brains have such a tast, As more delights in mast.
1869Trans. Ill. State Agric. Soc. 1867–9 VII. 432 Hogs for *bacon-curers and city consumption.
1684Otway Atheist 1 A broad shining, pufft, *Bacon-face, like a Cherubim.
1731Pol. Ballads (1860) II. 223 He opulent grew, As *bacon-face Jew.
c1600Day Begg. Bednell Gr. (1881) 37 I'de hang this *Bacon-fac'd slave ore⁓thwart his shanks.
1646G. Daniel Poems Wks. 1878 I. 45 A Pheasant, *bacon-farc'd.
1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, ii. ii. 89 *Bacon-fed Knaues..downe with them.
1462Test. Ebor. (1855) II. 261 *Bakon-fliks, beffe-flicks.
1796Stedman Surinam II. xviii. 57 Provided with a *bacon ham, hung-beef, fowls, etc.
1709Kennett Erasm. Moriæ Enc. 17 (D.) As lusty as so many *bacon-hogs or sucking calves. 1869Trans. Ill. State Agric. Soc. 1867–9 VII. 432 The weather became much warmer, thus lessening the demand for bacon hogs. 1884Bacon hog [see porker 1].
1707Lond. Gaz. No. 4349/4 Whitfeild Miller, late of Oxford, *Bacon-man.
1653Urquhart Rabelais i. Prol., A certaine gulligut Fryer and true *bacon-picker.
1833Marryat P. Simple (1863) 195 His *bacon pigs, his porkers, his breeding sows.
1789G. White Selborne (1851) 209 She saves the scummings of her *bacon-pot [to make rush-lights].
1826Miss Mitford Village ii. (1863) 446 The fully stored *bacon-rack.
1606Wily Beguiled in Hazl. Dodsl. IX. 244 Whose eyes do shine, Like *bacon-rine. 1867Francis Bk. Angling 28 The use of the gentle or bacon rind. 1949E. Pound Pisan Cantos lxxix. 74 The bacond-rind banner alias the Washington arms floats over against Ugolino.
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong., Coënne de lard, a *Bacon skin.
1653Urquhart Rabelais i. xv, Account me a very clounch, and *bacon-slicer of Brene.
Add:[6.] bacon sandwich (also bacon sarnie).
1931‘G. Orwell’ Coll. Ess. (1968) I. 66 We started off for work, with *bacon sandwiches and a drum of cold tea. 1986J. Milne Dead Birds xv. 126 I've made bacon sandwiches for all of us. 1986Daily Express 21 Aug. 25 You don't have to survive on *bacon sarnies and beans.
▪ II. bacon v.
(Cath. Angl.), ? for baton, batten.
▪ III. ˈbacon, v. Chiefly U.S.
[f. bacon n.]
trans. To convert into bacon.
1821I. Thomas Diary (1909) II. 76 Sent Legs of Pork to be baconed. 1890Congress. Rec. Aug. 8887/1 We consumed or sold our own pork, and we baconed it ourselves. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 23 Feb. 101/1 Baconing the progeny of 40–50 Large White sows. |