| 释义 |
roˈbustious, a.
[f. robust + -ious.
In common use during the 17th century. In the 18th it becomes rare, and is described by Johnson (1755) as ‘now only used in low language, and in a sense of contempt’. During the 19th it has been considerably revived, esp. by archaizing writers.]
1. Of persons: Robust; stout and strong or healthy-looking.
a1548Hall Chron., Rich. III, 56 b, Let us..marche furth like stronge & robustious champions. 1615Daniel Hymen's Triumph ii. i, Not degenerate From my robustious manly Ancestors. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 72 This Gunner was a robustious Vulcan. 1727Swift On a Woman's Mind, She gets a Cold as sure as Death;..Admires how modest Women can Be so robustious like a Man. 1822Irving Bracebr. Hall viii. (1845) 39 The number of robustious footmen and retainers of all kinds bustling about. 1863A. Smith Dreamthorp 24 The robustious fellow who sits at the head of the table. 1875Dowden Shaks. 213 Carriers and drawers, and merchants, and pilgrims, and loud robustious women.
b. So of the body or its parts, constitution, appearance, etc.
1584R. Parsons Leycester's Commonw. (1641) 94 Her highnesse..well stricken in yeeres, and of no great good health or robustious and strong complexion. 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe Wks. (Grosart) V. 256 It will..harden his soft bleding vaines as stiffe and robustious, as branches of Corrall. 1620Venner Via Recta vii. 128 The dry Walnuts are onely good for robustious bodies. 1671Milton Samson 569 These redundant locks Robustious to no purpose clustring down. 1771in Hone Every-day Bk. II. 207 It is by far too dainty for their robustious constitution. 1817Byron Let. to Murray 9 May, I am..congratulated..on my robustious appearance. 1820L. Hunt Indicator (1822) II. 88 Ladies who are shocked at that robustious indication of good health, a moist palm.
c. Of things: Big and strong; massive.
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI, 85 b, When the duke of Yorke had fastened his chaine betwene these twoo strong and robustious pillers [i.e. the Earls of Warwick and Salisbury]. 1612–8Daniel Life & Reign William I. Wks. (Grosart) IV. 135 Roul, or Rou, a great Commander amongst them, furnished a robustious power,..and first landed in England. 1679G. R. tr. Boaistuau's Theat. World 139 His Cloak..was likewise so very heavy and robustious. 1809Irving Knickerb. (1861) 32 When erect he had not a little the appearance of a robustious beer barrel.
transf.1654Jer. Taylor Real Pres. 90 Against this Bellarmine brings..a most robustious argument. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 437 Assertours and Abettours of Truth, then which nothing is more robustious and strong.
2. Violent, boisterous, noisy, strongly self-assertive:
a. Of persons, their disposition, etc.
a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 57 Men throughe aboundaunce of ryches waxe more insolent, hedstronge and robustius. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. ii. 10 O it offends mee to the Soule, to see a robustious Pery-wig-pated Fellow, teare a Passion to tatters. 1681H. More Exp. Dan. v. 155 Men of a more fierce, strong, robustious temper..are more inept to see any such Spectra. 1732–8Swift Polite Conv. 109 You are so robustious, you are like to put out my Eye. 1839Disraeli Corr. w. Sister (1886) 146 They had a roaring, robustious, romping party. 1881World 28 Dec., He is a strong ‘robustious’ lecturer. 1881A. Lang Library 47 The man who is defective as to the love of books..we may call..the Robustious Philistine.
b. Of actions, movements, etc.
1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. vii. 159 The men doe sympathize with the Mastiffes, in robustious and rough coming on. 1612Drayton Poly-olb. i. 250 This robustious play By which the toiles of warre most livelie are exprest. 1649Milton Eikon. 37 In Scotland they had handl'd the Bishops in a more robustious manner. 1701C. Wolley Jrnl. N.Y. (1860) 46 They [the Indians]..love extremes either to sit still or to be in robustious motions. 1839Blackw. Mag. XLVI. 39 The laughter becomes louder and more robustious. 1897Sprigge Life Wakley xxx. 276 The crude and robustious declamations of a demagogue.
c. Of storms or climate; Violent, severe.
1612Drayton Poly-olb. x. 77 Meeting from the South Great Neptunes surlier tides, with their robustious shockes. 1632Quarles Div. Fancies Wks. (Grosart) II. 213/2 If a robustious Storme should rise..thy Harbour's safe enough. 1641News fr. Hell, Rome, etc. in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) IV. 399 A robustious storm of wind out of the North.
1889Stevenson Edinb. 144 Slunk from the robustious winter to an inn fire-side. |