| 释义 |
proximity|prɒkˈsɪmɪtɪ|
[a. F. proximité (14th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. proximitāt-em nearness (etymologically, state of being nearest, ‘nextness’), f. proxim-us nearest: see proxime.]
1. The fact, condition, or position of being near or close by; nearness, neighbourhood:
a. in space.
1579Fenton Guicciard. i. (1599) 16 The proximitie and neighbourhood of Myllan with France. 1682Sir T. Browne Chr. Mor. iii. §9 Tempt not Contagion by proximity, and hazard not thy self in the shadow of Corruption. 1794G. Adams Nat. & Exp. Philos. III. xxv. 67 The effect of the proximity was a strong adhesion of the bodies. 1845McCulloch Taxation i. iii. (1852) 101 Our proximity to Ireland. 1872Jenkinson Guide Eng. Lakes (1879) 286 Owing to the close proximity to the sea.
b. in abstract relations, as kinship (the earliest use: usually in phr. proximity of blood); affinity of nature, nearness in time, etc.
1480Caxton Ovid's Met. xiii. ii, By reson of proxymyte I oughte haue them, syth tht cometh none nerrer heyre than I am. 1521Ld. Dacre in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. ii. I. 283 Bi reason of the nerenes and proximitie of blood. 1603Florio Montaigne ii. xii. (1632) 327 Marriages in proximity of blood are amongst us forbidden. 1762Warburton Doctr. Grace Pref., A dark conceit and a dull one have a great proximity in modern wit. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. iii. 201 Nor is it to this day decided..whether the order of the stocks, or the proximity of degree, shall take place. 1876Gladstone Homeric Synchr. 69 The inferences..are in favour of the Poet's proximity in time to the War of Troy.
2. attrib. proximity fuse, a detonator in a missile that employs radar to operate it automatically when within a predetermined distance of a target; so proximity-fused a.; proximity talks, diplomatic discussions or negotiations in which opposing parties do not meet but are in close proximity to each other and talk through intermediaries.
1945Sci. News Let. 6 Oct. 214/1 The *proximity fuze, a tiny radio set device in the nose of the projectile, is rated as the U.S.A. No. 2 secret weapon. 1956A. H. Compton Atomic Quest 53 Applications of radar in the form of the ‘proximity fuse’ were critically important in bringing victory [in World War II]. 1972Guardian 11 Jan. 11/2 In the Chinese campaign in Hongkong..the guerrillas eventually produced bombs equipped with photo cells, magnetic and proximity fuses, and vibration detectors that would set off the charge if you so much as looked at it. 1978R. V. Jones Most Secret War xliv. 427 The new proximity-fused shells.., although originally a British invention, had been developed and engineered in America. 1975Economist 26 Apr. 15/1 ‘*Proximity’ talks, which means that the intermediary would have to shuttle a shorter distance, between Israeli and Egyptian teams sitting in next-door rooms. 1986Christian Science Monitor 23 June 15/1 Pakistan,..a key party in the continuing United Nations-sponsored ‘proximity’ talks in Geneva,..wants Soviet troops out of Afghanistan as soon as possible.
Hence proˈximitive a. [irreg., on false analogy], of, belonging to, or arising from proximity.
1888‘H. S. Merriman’ Phantom Future II. vi. 85 To get farther from a proximitive influence which was becoming too strong for her. |