| 释义 |
Robertsonian, a. Cytology.|ˌrɒbətˈsəʊnɪən|
[f. the name of William R. B. Robertson (1881–1941), U.S. biologist, who first described such translocations in 1916 (Jrnl. Morphol. XXVII. 220) + -ian.]
Applied to the formation of a metacentric chromosome from two heterologous acrocentric chromosomes by the fusion of their centromeres or by a translocation with the loss of a small fragment; and to karyotypic changes brought about by this process.
1954M. J. D. White Animal Cytol. & Evol. (ed. 2) x. 192 In certain groups such as the Acrididae, ‘Robertsonian’ rearrangements or whole-arm transpositions account for a large part of the obvious differences in caryotypes. 1955Nature 2 Apr. 601/1 The wide variation in the mitotic numbers must be attributed to Robertsonian changes. 1960Jrnl. Nat. Cancer Inst. XXIV. 1187 A large mediocentric chromosome and a heterochromatic minute were formed, apparently at the expense of two acrocentric chromosomes, providing a classic example of a Robertsonian relationship, manifesting itself within the neoplastic cell population of a transplantable tumor. 1973Nature 3 Aug. 262/1 The most common chromosomal changes seen in vertebrate evolution are Robertsonian fusions which create one metacentric from two acrocentrics and inversions which, if pericentric in nature, change the position of a centromere. 1974Ibid. 10 May 164/1 These consisted of thirty-eight Robertsonian translocations, forty-seven reciprocal translocations and nine pericentric inversions. |