| 释义 |
robbery|ˈrɒbərɪ|
Forms: α. 3–4 roberie, 4 roborrye, 5–6 robery, 7 Sc. roborie; 3–6 robberye, 3–7 robberie (4 -eriȝe), 6 Sc. rubberie, -ery, 4– robbery. β. 4–6 robry(e, -rie, 5 roubry, 6 robri; 5–6 Sc. rubry, -rie.
[a. OF. roberie (AF. also roberye), f. rober to rob: see -ery.]
1. a. The action or practice of feloniously seizing, by violence or intimidation, property belonging to another; spoliation, depredation.
Prov. exchange is no robbery: see exchange n. 1.
αc1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 61 Ȝif he binimeð us ure aȝte, oðer þurh fur, oðer þurh þiefes, oðer þurh roberie. c1250Old Kent. Serm. in O.E. Misc. 30 Roberie, Manslechtes, Husberners,..and..oþre euele deden. c1290Beket 2152 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 168 Þis luþere kniȝtes..duden gret robberie. 1303R. Brunne Handl. Synne 2449 Þat ys boþe thefte and robberye, And hyt ful dere shal he a-bye. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) I. 137 Þei greiþeþ no þing þat þey dredeþ to lese, þey acounteþ no trespas gretter þan robberie. 1415Hoccleve Sir J. Oldcastle 456 By violence or by maistrie, My good to take of me,..Þat is verray wrong & robberie. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop iii. vi, He that lyueth but of rauyn and robberye shal at the last be knowen and robbed. 1533Bellenden Livy i. vii. (S.T.S.) I. 39 Invading þe samyn mare be rubbery þan ony ordoure of chevelrie. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 140 b, That persone committeth plaine robberie or spoyle, who denyeth an almes to any poore creature beeyng in extreme neede. 1605Shakes. Meas. for M. ii. ii. 176 Theeues for their robbery haue authority, When Iudges steale themselues. c1670Hobbes Dial. Com. Laws (1681) 117 Robbery is committed by Force, or Terror, of which neither is in Theft; for Theft is a secret Act. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. 241 Larciny from the person is either by privately stealing, or by open and violent assault, which is usually called robbery. 1797–1805S. & Ht. Lee Canterb. T. I. 114 He was an easy mark for robbery. 1815Elphinstone Acc. Caubul (1842) II. 125, I think it probable that the people of those parts of the country which are out of sight of the government, are always addicted to robbery.
βc1330Arth. & Merl. 3501 (Kölbing), Þo kniȝtes..Were ywent in to desert, To libben bi her robrie. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 8357 Ther was neuere theff..That wayted better his a-vauntage, To do his stelthe and his robrye. c1470Henry Wallace ix. 222 Her I gyff our roubry for euirmar. 1531Elyot Gov. i. xxvi, Compacte of malice and robry. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scot. ix. II. 165 Tha war the only authoris of thift, rubrie, and rinning of forrayis.
b. An instance of this; a depredation.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7597 He broȝte vp moni oþer hous of religion also, To bete þulke robberie, þat him þoȝte he adde ydo. 1340Ayenb. 39 Þer byeþ zuo uele oþre maneres of roberies. 1390Gower Conf. II. 333 Ensample of suche Robberies I finde write. c1460in Three 15th Cent. Chron. (Camden) 41 Of whiche robrye Syr Gylbert..was atteynt. 1513More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 770 There they deuise newe robberyes nightly. 1591Spenser M. Hubberd 1306 Each place..fil'd with treasure rackt with robberies. 1612Rowlands More Knaues Yet (Hunterian Cl.) 15 Many bolde robberies he did commit. 1657G. Thornley Daphnis & Chloe 43 A young Rustick, yet un⁓skill'd in the Assassinations and Robberies of Love. 1780Bentham Princ. Legisl. xii. §10 Where robberies are frequent and unpunished robberies are committed without shame. 1838James Robber i, Giving evidence about that robbery. 1877Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 316 The placer-mining of the gulch..is really a still worse robbery of the gold-deposits.
†2. concr. Plunder, spoil, booty. Obs.
c1330Arth. & Merl. 6684 (Kölbing), Þe king..come priueliche..To binimen hem her robrie. 1450–1530Myrr. our Ladye 255 Helle ys pryued of robry. 1465Paston Lett. II. 251 Slyford..hath most of the robbery next the Baylly of Ey. 1535Coverdale Amos iii. 10 They gather together euell gotten goodes, and laye vp robbery in their houses.
3. fig. An excessive financial demand; a proposal which wholly or chiefly benefits the proposer; an outrageous injustice; esp. in daylight robbery, highway robbery (s.v. highway 4).
c1863T. Taylor Ticket-of-Leave Man i. 10 Dalton: I won't go higher than fifteen bob for a fiver. Moss... Only fifteen—it's robbery. 1874E. P. Roe Barriers burned Away v. 38 ‘I want five dollars out of you before you take that trunk off.’ ‘Why, this is sheer robbery,’ exclaimed Dennis. 1886, etc. [see highway robbery s.v. highway 4]. 1949D. M. Davin Roads from Home i. i. 8 ‘I can never afford it,’ said his sister. ‘It's daylight robbery.’ 1976Springfield (Mass.) Daily News 23 Apr. 39/1 Though the Celtics are well known for their game-long verbal abuse of officials, Wednesday night they got away with robbery. 1977Times 28 Feb. 8/5 It was, in fact, a bit of daylight robbery. As Jimmy Andrews, the disappointed Cardiff manager, said later: ‘Everton had all the big names and the luck.’ |