| 释义 |
▪ I. roar, n.1|rɔə(r)|
Forms: α. 4–7 rore; 7 roare, 7– roar. β. Sc. 5 rare, 5–6, 8 (9 north.) rair.
[f. the stem of OE. rárian, ME. rōren, to roar. Cf. OE. wulfa-ᵹerár in O.E. Martyrol. 16. In later English use perh. re-formed from the vb.]
1. a. A full, deep, prolonged cry uttered by a lion or other large beast; a loud and deep sound uttered by one or more persons, esp. as an expression of pain or anger.
α1390Gower Conf. III. 74 A dragoun..Com in rampende among hem alle With such a noise and such a rore. c1400Destr. Troy 8518 Þen Andromaca..With a rufull rore rent of hir clothis. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 17964 Many boles & bores, With lowyng & with loude rores.
1610Shakes. Temp. ii. i. 315 Sure it was the roare Of a whole heard of Lyons. 1637Milton Lycidas 61 The rout that made the hideous roar. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 590 The slipp'ry God..will seem a bristly Boar, Or imitate the Lion's angry Roar. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1834) II. 443 Very bad music, badly executed, being rather roars or squalls than songs. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) III. 201 They all seize it with a bound, at the same time expressing their fierce pleasure with a roar. 1832Tennyson Œnone 210 The panther's roar came muffled, while I sat Low in the valley. 1853Kingsley Hypatia xxii, A roar of hired applause interrupted him. 1887Bowen Virg. æneid ii. 413 With a roar of wrath at the maiden's rescue..Greeks..flew to assail us.
βc1425Wyntoun Cron. iii. vi. 872 Thai rowpyd wytht a rare at anys. c1450Holland Howlat 826 The barde..Ran fast to the dure, and gaif a gret rair. 1513Douglas æneis i. ii. 11 About thar closouris braying with mony rair. c1570Satir. Poems Reform. xiv. 116 The Babe he gifis ane rair. 1728Ramsay Last Sp. Miser xxix, With a rair, Away his wretched spirit flew. 18..in Heslop Northumberland Gloss. (1894) 562 The yow gav a blare, an' Robin a rair.
†b. Rumour. Obs. rare—1.
c1520Vox Populi 88 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 271 The encrease was never more. Thus goythe the voyce and rore. And truthe yt is indeade.
c. A boisterous outburst of laughter; also ellipt. for this, esp. in echoes of the Shaksperian phrase belonging to roar n.2 b.
1778Phil. Surv. S. Irel. 424 His flashes of wit and humour keep the table in a roar. 1803Pic Nic (1806) I. 158 [He] kept the company in a roar of laughter. 1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 210 He was once in danger of being turned out of the gallery for setting all around him in a roar. 1891Kipling Light that Failed (1900) 203 A roar of laughter interrupted him.
2. transf.
a. The loud sound of cannon, thunder, a storm, the sea, or other inanimate agents.
1548Patten Exped. Scotl. G v, With..horrible rore and terrible thunderinge of gunnes. 1552Lyndesay Monarche iv. 5998 Than, with ane rair, the erth sall ryve, And swolly thame. c1611Chapman Iliad xiii. 713 The floods of troubled aire to pitchie stormes increase,..Encountring with abhorred roares. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 586 Those deep-throated Engins.., whose roar Emboweld with outragious noise the Air. 1697Dryden Virg. Past. ix. 58 Come then, and leave the Waves tumultuous roar. c1764Gray Owen 26 Talymalfra's rocky shore Echoing to the battle's roar. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian xii, The roar of these waters has made my head dizzy already. 1816Byron Ch. Har. iii. xxii, Arm! Arm! it is..the cannon's opening roar! 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xxiv. 245 We see its deep indigo horizon, and hear its roar against the icy beach. 1887Bowen Virg. Ecl. v. 84 When the rock-strewn valley resounds to the torrent's roar.
b. to go with a roar, to make uninterrupted progress or be a conspicuous success. colloq.
1845Dickens Let. 6 Aug. (1977) IV. 347 It was a most prodigious success; and went, with a roar, all through. 1903G. B. Shaw Let. 12 June (1972) II. 331 ‘The Admirable Bashville’..went with a roar from beginning to end. 1907Punch 1 May 308/2 Everything went with a roar.
▪ II. † roar, n.2 Obs.
Forms: α. 5–6 roore, 5–7 rore. β. 6 roare.
[a. MDu. roer, = OS. hrôra (LG. rôre, rôr), OHG. ruora (MHG. ruore, G. ruhr), related to OE. and OS. hrór stirring, active: see also rore v. and cf. uproar. The rime of rore: pore (= poor) in Chaucer proves that the word is different from roar n.1]
Confusion, tumult, disturbance. Only in phrases in, on, upon a roar (cf. MDu. in roere zijn, bringen, stellen, etc.).
αc1374Chaucer Troylus v. 45 Whi nyl I brynge alle Troie vpon a rore? c1440Promp. Parv. 436/2 Rore, or truble amonge þe puple, tumultus, commotio. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon xx. 456 For therof ye shall see all fraunce in a rore and trowble. 1513More Chron., Rich. III (1883) 15 Thus should all the realme fall on a rore. 1526Tindale Acts xix. 29 The cite was on a roore. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 292 The people beeyng in a greate rore willed enquierie..to be made who it was. 1610Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 2 By your Art..you haue Put the wild waters in this Rore.
β1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. John viii. 59 When all should be set on a roare. 1561J. Daus tr. Bullinger on Apoc. (1573) 167 The Ephesians, which were all on a roare and worse than mad. 1563Mirr. Mag., Blacksmith xlix, When I perceyved the Commons in a roare.
b. A wild outburst of mirth. (Perh. associated with roar n.1, as in modern use: see prec. 1 c.)
1602Shakes. Ham. v. i. 211 Where be your Iibes now?.. Your flashes of Merriment that were wont to set the Table on a Rore.
▪ III. roar, v.|rɔə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 rárian, 3 rarin, 4–6, 8 rare (5 rar), 5– rair (5 rayr), 9 dial. rear. β. 4 roren, 5 rory, 3–7 rore, 5–6 roor(e, 6–7 roare, 6– roar.
[OE. rárian, = MDu. reeren, reren (still in dial. use), MLG. râren (LG. raren, reren, rären), OHG. rêrên (MHG. rêren, G. rehren), probably of imitative origin.]
1. a. intr. Of persons: To utter a very loud and deep or hoarse cry (or cries), esp. under the influence of rage, pain, or great excitement; to vociferate, to shout, to yell.
αa900O.E. Martyrol. 192 Hwilum hy him raredon on swa hryðro. c950Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. Introd. 7 Stefn leas in woestern..rarende vel bellende. c1000ælfric Hom. I. 66 Seo dreoriᵹe modor..rariᵹende hi astrehte æt þæs halᵹan apostoles fotum. a1225Juliana 48 He [began] to rarin reowliche ant te ȝuren ant te ȝeien. a1300Cursor M. 16104 Ne heres þou noght on ilk-a side hu þai apon þe rar. c1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 7341 Þe devels obout þam þan in helle, On þam salle ever-mare rare and yhelle. 1375Barbour Bruce v. 97 Thai that na defens mycht mak, Full pitwisly couth rair and cry. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 5358 He rared and cryed so orribilly þat his neghburs..þar of þaim vggyd. 1483Cath. Angl. 300/1 To Rare (or grete, A.), vagire. 1513Douglas æneis v. xi. 26 All togidder gan to weip and rair. 1588A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. 92 b, I am afflicted,..I rarit for ye disquietnes of my hart. 1686G. Stuart Joco-Ser. Disc. 24 They..skreem'd, and raird beyond all ayme. 1717Ramsay Elegy on Lucky Wood xi, That a' the warld might hear the din Rair frae ilk head. 1809T. Donaldson Poems 146 What maks ye thus to rant an' rair? 1894Heslop Northumbld. Gloss. s.v. Rair, Whativver is he rairin there at?
βc1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 99/238 Þo gan þe Aumperur for wrathþe loude ȝeolle and rore. c1300Havelok 2438 He bunden him ful swiþe faste,..Þat he rorede als a bole. 13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 390 Summe..stared to þe heuen, Rwly wyth a loud rurd rored for drede. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 398 He..his brest knocked, And roxed and rored. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 15726 The stour was strong, the cry was gret, Thei rored grisly. c1440York Myst. xxxvii. 99 Why rooris þou soo, rebalde? 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 214 b, Rorynge and cryenge, Ryse you wretches and come to your iudgement. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 286 You..roared for mercy, and still ranne and roar'd. 1624Quarles Job Militant xvii. 14 Th' afflicted..Roare to Heavens, unanswer'd, for reliefe. 1676Hobbes Iliad (1677) 105 But Priam had forbidden them to roar Or cry outright, though grieved at their hearts. 1709Steele Tatler No. 37 ⁋4 This Sort of Fellows, who Roar instead of Speaking. 1722De Foe Col. Jack ii, Then I cried, nay, roared out, I was in such a passion. 1838Miss Maitland Lett. fr. Madras (1843) 237 She has nothing to do but to roar long enough and loud enough, and she is sure to get her own way. 1895‘M. Field’ Attila iv. 106 Although the host of warriors roared and stamped Acclaimingly.
fig.c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon x. 261 His hert rored in his beli for ioye.
†b. To shout in revelry; to revel boisterously; to behave in a noisy, riotous manner. Also with it.
1584Lyly Sappho ii. iii. 108 To th' Tap-house then lets gang, and rore. 1592― Gallathea i. iv. 88 What shall wee doe being toss'd to shore? Milke some blinde Tauerne, and (there) roare. 1629Dekker Londons Tempe (Percy Soc.) 48 The gallant roares; roarers drinke oathes and gall. 1656Hammond Leah & Rachel (1844) 9 Such as..could babble in a Pulpit, roare in a Tavern. c1670Roxb. Ball. (1890) VII. 37 We rant and rore it, night and day, we spend and never spare. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) I. 58 These have nothing to do but..to riot it, to roar it. 1763Churchill Apol. Poems 1767 I. 68 If they in cellar or in garret roar.
c. To shout with laughter; to laugh boisterously, loudly, or without restraint.
1815B. Wynne Diary 28 July (1940) III. xii. 378 The Girls, who roared the whole way, laughing at the odd vehicle. 1828T. Creevey Let. 3 Mar. in J. Gore Creevey's Life & Times (1934) xii. 260 Brougham's letter is..in folly and insanity by no means inferior to his former effusions. We both roared at it. 1842Lever J. Hinton iii, The whole party were roaring with laughter. 1884Punch 12 Apr. 179/1 New members..roared when he shook his hand over his head. 1893Idler 410, I read ‘Robert Elsmere’ and roared over it.
2. a. Of animals (esp. of lions): To utter a loud deep cry. Also with out.
a1300E.E. Psalter xxi. 12 Þair mouth ouer me þai ware openand, Als lioun reuand and rorand. c1350Will. Palerne 86 Whan þe best þe barn missed..Reuliche gan he rore & rente al his hide. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 242 Lions, beres, bath bull and bare, That rewfully gan rope and rare. c1440Promp. Parv. 437/1 Rooryn, as beestys, rugio. 1530Palsgr. 694/1, I roore, I yell, as a beest dothe, je braye. 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 39 The suyne began to quhryne quhen thai herd the asse rair. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage ii. xx. (1614) 223 A Lion in the wood..roared so dernely. a1720Sewel Hist. Quakers (1795) I. iv. 272 When the mouths of lions roared against me. 1782Cowper J. Gilpin 206 Whereat his horse did snort, as he Had heard a lion roar. 1827D. Johnson Ind. Field Sports 101 A tiger roared out. 1896Kipling Seven Seas, Rhyme Three Sealers, The great man-seal haul out of the sea, aroaring, band by band.
fig.1645Harwood Loyal Subj. Retiring-room 23 Doe but permit Luther to keep close, till the Popes Bull hath done roaring.
†b. transf. Of sheep, birds, or bees. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xviii. iv. (1495) 751 The lambe knoweth his owne moder in somoche that yf she rorith amonge many shepe in a flocke, anone by bletyng he knowyth the voys of his owne moder. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxiii. 114 He lay at the plunge evirmair, Sa lang as any ravin did rair. 1759Phil. Trans. LI. 300, Jan. 15, the bees roared, and were as busy as they are in the height of the working season. 1790Burns Elegy on Henderson viii, Ye bitterns, till the quagmire reels, Rair for his sake.
c. Of horses: To make a loud sound in breathing. Cf. roarer1 2 and roaring vbl. n. 3.
1880W. Day Racehorse in Training 40 At the Cape of Good Hope, I am told, horses never roar. 1889Yorks. Post 25 Nov. 3/5 The tendency to roar is not a matter of heredity.
3. a. Of cannon, thunder, wind, the sea, or other inanimate agents: To make a loud noise or din.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 6569 When þey were in deppest flod,..Ros a tempest, rorande loude. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1219 Dido, The thundyr rorede with a gresely steuene. 1470–85Malory Arthur xiv. v. 648 He came to a rough water the whiche roryd. 1530Palsgr. 693/2, I roore, as the see dothe whan there bloweth any storme, je gronce. 1570Satir. Poems Reform. xvii. 170 Our cair may moue the stonis And hauie rockis to rair. 1617Middleton & Rowley Fair Quarrel iv. i, Does not the winds roar, the sea roar, the welkin roar? 1669Earl Winchilsea Relat. Mt. Etna 24 On Friday the 22, the Mountain again roared with much loudness. 1718Pope Iliad xiii. 166 Hark! the gates burst, the brazen barriers roar! 1764Museum Rust. III. 223, I caused the fire to be gradually encreased till it roared again in the furnace. 1816Scott Old Mort. xxxvi, The ship..went roaring through the waves. 1861Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. xli, The faggot blazed and crackled, and roared up the chimney.
b. Of a place: To resound or echo with noise.
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 2023 Whan it was day he broghte hym to the halle, That roreth of the criyng and the soun. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 871 Confounded Chaos roard, And felt tenfold confusion in thir fall.
c. Curling. To send a stone with great speed.
1786Burns Tam Samson v, To guard, or draw, or wick a bore, Or up the rink like Jehu roar. 1817Lintoun Green 38 Roaring up the rink he flies, The guarded tee to clear.
d. To pass away with a loud noise.
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 969 His appetite was bad, his breathing was short, wind would occasionally ‘roar away’ and then the distension lessened.
e. To travel on a vehicle which is making a loud noise; to motor rapidly. Also fig.
1923Motor Cycling 26 Sept. 658/3 Marsden roared through on his last lap. 1951Amer. Speech XXVI. 230/2 Wesleyan roars to victory. 1958B. Nichols Sweet & Twenties x. 128 They were all roaring off to Ascot. 1963New Yorker 15 June 58 George Rotan..roared back to win eleven of the next twelve. 1970P. Laurie Scotland Yard iii. 69 The one getting in slams the door and roars off, nearly running my mate over. 1973Times 22 Jan. 9/8 The closest he came to betraying anxiety last evening was when he suddenly started roaring ahead.
4. a. trans. To utter or proclaim loudly; to shout (out). Also fig.
c1400Apol. Loll. (Camden) 58 Houndis and woluis roryn þe psalmis, os were woluis criyng ilk to oþer. 1587Fleming Contn. Holinshed III. 1367/2 The popes bull hath roared it so to be. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iii. i. 40 That..makes him rore these Accusations forth. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. i. 7 Long before this time, she had roared it even into the ears of deaf men. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 279 Nor will they themselves disdain to take up a Tabor and Roar out a Song. 1706E. Ward Wooden World Diss. (1708) 78 He shall roar forth Death and Destruction about the hoisting of a Water-cask. 1749Fielding Tom Jones xv. v, Roared forth the word daughter. 1810Crabbe Borough xix. 77 What time the many, that unruly beast, Roars its rough joy. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xiii, The songs those young fellows were roaring. 1850― Pendennis xxxi[i], ‘Oh, never mind,’ Bungay roared out with a great laugh. 1878Tennyson Revenge v, Sir Richard spoke,..and we roar'd a hurrah.
b. With complement: To force, call, bring, render, etc., by roaring.
1617Middleton & Rowley Fair Quarrel iv. i, We'll roar the rusty rascal out of his tobacco. 1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. v. i, [He] roars up Symon frae his kindly rest. 1777Dr. Taylor in Boswell (Globe) 411/1 He will not hear you, and having a louder voice than you, must roar you down. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian vii, Paulo, who had roared himself hoarse, was very willing to be silent.
c. Const. up. To abuse, to reprimand. slang (chiefly Austral.).
1919W. H. Downing Digger Dial. 42 Roar up, upbraid; abuse. 1925Fraser & Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 244 Roar up, to abuse. 1944W. E. Harney Taboo (ed. 2) 63, I roared him up, but it was no good. 1947N. Lindsay Halfway to Anywhere 69 Bill was able to roar him up, anyway, for having the blinkin' cheek to come shoving his nose into Bill's affairs. 1962[see roaring forties 2]. |