| 释义 |
▪ I. roader1|ˈrəʊdə(r)|
[f. road n.1 or v.1]
†1. One who rides about. Obs.—0
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Roder le pays, to make a roade in the countrey... Vn rodeur ou coureur, a roder or wighrider [1593 wayrider].
2. A ship lying at anchor in a road; a vessel which rides (well or ill).
1556in Hakluyt Voy. (1598) I. 275, I caused the Pinnesse to beare in with the shore,..and [she] saw two roaders ride in the sound. 1589Ibid. (1599) II. ii. 161 By the way as we rowed we saw boates passing betwixt the roaders and the shore. 1644H. Manwayring Seaman's Dict. s.v., We call any ship that Rides at an Anchor in a Roade, a Roader. 1692Capt. Smith's Seaman's Gram. i. xvi. 81 A Road, is any place near the Land where Ships may ride at Anchor, and a Ship riding there is called a Roader. 1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) s.v. Riding, When a ship..pitches violently into the sea, so as to strain her cables, masts, or hull, it is called riding hard, and the vessel is termed a bad roader.
3. = roadster 2.
1825Spirit Publ. Jrnls. 415 They hired my mare, as capital a roader as ever was backed, thof I say it myself. 1884Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 7 June, To purchase a strictly first-class roader or a trotter.
4. A road-sweeper, road-cleaner.
1883Besant All in a Garden fair ii. x, Among the Roaders—that..useful body who sweep the roads for the omnibus horses. 1886― Childr. Gibeon ii. iv, He began to drink, and then he had to be a roader for the parish at eighteen pence a day.
5. (See quot.)
1902Times 14 Feb. 13/3 He was informed by the engine-driver that a ‘roader’ (i.e., a parcel to be put out at a roadside station) had been put on the engine.
6. Taxi-drivers' slang. A long-distance taxi fare or journey.
1939H. Hodge Cab, Sir? ii. 28 It may be a long job—a ‘roader’ as we call it—out to Richmond or Highgate. 1978London-Wide Radio Taxis (Licensed Taxi Drivers Assoc. Ltd.) [Publicity leaflet] p. iii/2 Roaders are an everyday event on radio. Put yourselves into the shoes of a director of a company who requires a taxi for a long distance haul. Does he go out into the street and hail a cab or send his secretary to find one? Of course he doesn't. He rings for a cab.
7. capitalist roader [tr. Chinese zŏuzīpài, short for zŏu zībĕn zhŭyì dàolù dāngquánpài], esp. during the Cultural Revolution in China, a term for Party officials, e.g. the secretary of a provincial Party committee or the chairman of a people's commune, who were alleged to have capitalist tendencies. Cf. capitalist road s.v. road n. 6 g.
Used of people of various views who are out of favour with the Chinese leadership.
1967Economist 7 Oct. 26/1 The unsurprising absence of Liu Shao-chi, Teng Hsiao-ping and their fellow ‘capitalist-roaders’ brings the politburo membership down from the 24 who were elected in the first flush of the cultural revolution in August 1966 to the 15 who are still appearing today. 1970E. Snow Red China Today (rev. ed.) xlix. 389 Lau Shaw himself committed suicide in 1966 when he was attacked by Red Guards as a ‘revisionist’ and ‘capitalist roader’. 1973R. Taylor Educ. & Univ. Enrolment Policies in China, 1949–1971 15 The so-called capitalist-roaders refused to admit any of them on the grounds that worker-peasant children were not of high enough scholastic calibre. 1976Financial Times 24 Nov. 6/1 The official Hsinhua news agency, writing about Mme. Mao and the so-called ‘gang of four’ or the ‘new capitalist roaders’, was saying that she was a ‘big careerist’ who ‘prostrated herself in admiration before Western bourgeois things’. 1978Hua Kuo-Feng in Peking Rev. 10 Mar. 11/1 The ‘gang of four’..openly dished up a counter-revolutionary political programme equating veteran cadres with ‘democrats’ and ‘democrats’ with ‘capitalist-roaders’ and agitated for rounding up ‘capitalist-roaders’ at all levels from the central down to the local.
▪ II. ˈroader2
[Cf. road v.2]
A dog which pursues game by the foot-scent.
1817Sporting Mag. L. 231 This circumstance is of the greatest advantage to the spaniel; for it enables him to be a good roader, as it is styled in the south. 1822Ibid. IX. 174 The slaughter of late effected by the ‘roaders’, as some call them, and the heavy gunners. |