| 释义 |
rivalry|ˈraɪvəlrɪ|
[f. rival n.2 + -ry.]
1. a. The act of rivalling; competition, emulation.
1598Marston Sco. Villanie iii. xi. 230 Who enuies him? not I, For well he may, without all riualrie. 1633Bp. Hall Occas. Medit. (1851) 82 Forsaking all the base and sinful rivalry of the world. a1719Addison (J.), Those antagonists, who, by their rivalry for greatness, divided a whole age. 1759Johnson Rasselas xxix, From those early marriages proceeds likewise the rivalry of parents and children. 1816Scott Antiq. xvi, Jealousies, rivalries, envy, intervene to separate others from our side. 1850Kingsley Alt. Locke xxxix, The innate selfishness and rivalry of human nature. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) V. 403 Let them have conflict and rivalry in these matters in accordance with the law.
b. Psychol. Lack of fusion of the visual fields presented separately but simultaneously to each eye when these are sufficiently different, there being instead an alternation of perceived images.
1878A. Gamgee tr. L. Hermann's Elem. Human Physiol. (ed. 2) x. 427 (heading) Rivalry of the fields of vision. 1950K. N. Ogle Res. Binocular Vision vi. 61 Depending on the particular characteristics of the image patterns falling on the retinas of the two eyes, fusion will be complete or partial, or as an antithesis of fusion, the patterns may actually exhibit a rivalry or resistance to fusion. 1974L. Kaufman Sight & Mind viii. 306 Even when the inner square is seen floating above the background lines in the stereoscope, all the lines are in a constant state of binocular rivalry.
2. A body of rivals.
1803W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. XIV. 114 The appearance of Ulysses among the suitors of Penelope disappointed the rivality of the whole rivalry. |