| 释义 |
▪ I. rinse, n.|rɪns|
Also rinze, rince, Sc. ringe, reenge.
[f. rinse v.]
1. Sc. A small bundle of twigs (esp. of heather) used for cleaning out pots or other vessels. Hence rinse-heather, the variety of heather used for making this.
1800J. Headrick Comm. Board of Agric. II. 264 Long heath..makes excellent rinses for scrubbing milk vessels. 1808Jamieson, Ringe, a whisk or small besom, made of heath. Ringe-heather, Cross-leaved Heath. 1829Health & Longevity 151 Traversing the woods and fields in quest of materials for his besoms and rinzes.
2. a. A rinsing; a final application of water to remove impurities; colloq. a wash. Also attrib.
1837Dickens Pickw. xxv, ‘I may as vel have a rinse’, replied Mr. Weller, applying plenty of yellow soap to the towel. 1852C. Morfit Tanning & Currying (1853) 387 The skins are then taken from the rinse-water. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. III. 207/2 No doubt the final rinse of spirits helps the gelatine to resist decomposition. 1882Jamieson s.v. Ringe, Gie the claes a ringe in cauld water.
b. A wash to cleanse the mouth.
1898Westm. Gaz. 26 Jan. 10/2 The best rinse for the smoker is a glass of water in which a teaspoonful of table⁓salt has been dissolved.
c. A solution (or cream) which temporarily tints or conditions the hair. Also, an application of this.
1928Daily Mail 25 July 3/6 Though the price of Icilma Shampoos remains at 3d., each packet now contains a wonderful Toning Rinse suitable for every shade of hair, which removes all trace of lather, and leaves the hair in a state of exquisite burnished beauty. 1942M. Dickens One Pair of Feet ix. 189, I think I shall go and have a platinum rinse next payday. 1944, etc. [see blue rinse a]. 1948M. Sturges-Jones In Wedlock Wake 137 Why don't you try a blond rinse?.. It wouldn't make you look bleached. 1958J. Cannan And be a Villain vii. 155 Age must be disguised, hushed up with dyes and rinses. 1962D. Lessing Golden Notebk. iii. 345 ‘I did try a rinse,’ he remarked, ‘but the grey shows through.’ 1977B. Pym Quartet in Autumn i. 2 Letty knew that there were white hairs interspersed with the brown and that most people would have had a brightening ‘rinse’ anyway.
3. In Comb., as rinse-aid (see quot. 1963).
1963Which? 6 Feb. 50/1 Five [dishwashing] machines..supplied rinse aids. These are liquids added to the final rinse water to make it flow more easily and prevent it from remaining as drops on the surface. 1970Ibid. Oct. 294/1 Some detergents—or rinse aids—leave a white deposit on everything.
▪ II. rinse, v.|rɪns|
Forms: α. 4–6 rynce (5 ryyncyn), 4–6 rynse (5 ryynse), 5 rines-, 6– rince, rinse; 6 rence, 6–7 rense, 7 reinse. β. 5 rynesh, rynsche, 6 rinche, 7 (9 dial.) rinch; 6 rensch, 6–7 (9– dial., now chiefly U.S.) rench, 7 (9 dial.) wrench, 9 dial. ranch. γ. 9 dial. ringe, rinje, reenge, reinge, range.
[a. F. rincer, OF. also reincer (-ser), raincer (-ser), of uncertain origin.
The similarity in form and meaning to ON. hreinsa (MDa. rensa, rinse, rønse, MSw. rensa, ränsa, rönsa), to cleanse, is very great, but is prob. accidental. The OF. raincer was app. trisyllabic (raïncer), which suggests that a consonant has been dropped, but it seems difficult to associate the form with the synonymous OF. recincer (Picard rechinchier) and med.L. recincerare, resincerare (see these words in Du Cange).]
†1. trans. To clear, make clean, by removal.
1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 321 Þe kynge's oste at gesse in þe Est mad lardere,..More & mede did rynce [rime prince], wod & playn he brent.
2. a. To wash out (a cup, etc.) by pouring in water or other liquid and emptying it out again (usually after swilling or stirring it about).
αc1350Gloss. in Rel. Ant. I. 7 Recenta..hunc ciphum, rynce this cuppe. a1400[see rinsed ppl. a.]. c1440Promp. Parv. 434/2 Ryyncyn, rigo, vmecto. 1509Barclay Shyp Folys (1570) 32 Such force not of their soules, But labour in rinsing pieces, cups and bowles. 1535Coverdale Lev. xv. 12 The treen vessell shal be rensed with water. c1611Chapman Iliad xvi. 224 Hee tooke a most vnualewed boule,..and that he first did clense With sulphure, then with fluences of sweetest water rense. 1658tr. Porta's Nat. Magic xx. 398 Glass vessels well rinced, and..full of cold water. 1729Swift Direct. Serv. i, Leave the Dregs of..Liquors in the Bottle: To rince them is but Loss of Time. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 317 To have your vessels dry, rinse them with brandy. 1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 45 A clean glass, rinced with any acid. 1861F. Nightingale Nursing ii. (ed. 2) 13 Take care that your lid, as well as your utensil, be always thoroughly rinsed.
βc1430Two Cookery-bks. 24 Rynsche þin dysshe alle a-bowte withynne with sugre or oyle. 1591Florio 2nd Fruites 13 Wash and rench the glasses verie well. 1663Gerbier Counsel i. 35 The French-Man's Glasse is wrenched as often as he Drinks. [1919H. L. Mencken Amer. Lang. iii. 91 The Yankees..still clung, in their common speech, to such forms as..rench for rinse,..and the employment of precisely the same forms by thousands of Irish immigrants..gave them a certain support.] 1960V. Williams Walk Egypt iv. ii. 257 Then you best rench your hands.
γ1547Salesbury, Bwrw dwr dros lestr, renge. 1834–5Wilson's Tales Borders (1836) II. 167, I poured the whisky intil the lang sma bottle..without rangin it oot. 1894Heslop Northumb. Gloss. 565 Range oot that pot.
b. To clean (the mouth, teeth, etc.) by taking a mouthful of water and emitting it again.
α1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Foueo, Fouere os multa aqua frigida, to washe the mouth with; to rinse. 1608Topsell Serpents (1653) 624 He would suck and draw up into his mouth a great deal of water, and first rinse and warm his own mouth. 1739R. Bull tr. Dedekindus' Grobianus 105 Nor only wash your Fingers, but your Face; And rinse your Teeth. 1762Ann. Reg. ii. 34/2 Rinsing his palate (to avoid confusion) after every piece. 1834L. Ritchie Wand. by Seine 71 The..disgusting ceremony of publicly rinsing the mouth. 1870Dickens E. Drood xii, Jasper only rinses his mouth once, and casts forth the rinsing. 1905Geil Yankee in Pigmy Land 319 After each meal they rinse the mouth with water.
β1859J. C. Hotten Dict. Slang 81 Rench, vulgar pronunciation of rinse. ‘Wrench your mouth out,’ said a fashionable dentist one day.—North.
fig.1824–9Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1846 I. 84, I have rinsed my mouth of the poetry.
†3. absol. Of a priest: To clean the chalice and fingers with wine and water after communion. Obs.
c1375Lay-Folks Mass Bk. (MS. B) 575 Loke pater-noster þou be sayande, I-whils þo preste is rynsande. c1400Rule St. Benet 149 Qwen þe prelete hase vsede & rineside, þan sal scho be howseld of hym. c1425[see rinsing vbl. n. 1].
4. a. To dip (a thing) into, agitate in, or drench with water in order to remove impurities.
α1423Jas. I. King's Q. i, Citherea the clere Rynsid hir tressis like the goldin wyre. 1563Foxe Canon of Mass in A. & M. 893/2 Let the priest rence his hands, lest any parcels of the body or bloud be left behind in his fingers or in the chalice. 1588L. Mascall tr. Bk. Dyeing 20 Take of good wood and breake the rootes off, and then cut them small, then wash and rence them in cold water. 1607J. Davies (Heref.) Summa Totalis Wks. (Grosart) I. 21/2 Likewise the Delvge (that did rince this Rovnd) Came..To make it cleane. 1641Milton Animadv. Wks. 1851 III. 197 They could not refine a Scorpion into a Fish, though they had drawn it, and rinc't it with never so cleanly Cookery. 1683Moxon Mech. Exerc., Printing xxii. ⁋2 Of Rincing a Form of Letter. 1700Addison æneid iii. Wks. 1726 I. 62 He rins'd the wound, And washed away the..clotted blood. 1828Maugham Accum's Chem. Reagents 118 Rince and macerate an oyster in cold distilled water. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) II. 318 Rinse the leaves in cold water,..and dry them on hot plates. 1902Wister Virginian xxvii, The girl rinsed the man's wound and wrapped him in clean things.
refl.1630R. Brathwait Eng. Gentlem. (1641) 103 Hanging down his head, as one discontent, till he hath washed and rinsed himselfe. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 205 Having rinsed her selfe all over in pure running water. [1851S. Judd Margaret i. ii, They went to the cistern at the back of the house, washed and rinsed themselves for dinner.]
β1561Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 2 Washe the head euery thyrde daye wyth strong warme lye..: at the last rensch the head with colde lye. 1595Duncan Etym. (E.D.S.), Perluo, perpurgo, to rinche faire and cleane. 1889J. W. Riley Knee-deep in June, Rench my hair In the dew.
b. To treat (clothes or textile fabrics) in this way; spec. to put through clean water in order to remove the soap used in washing.
α1530Palsgr. 691/2, I rynce clothes, je raince. I wyll rynce up the clothes here in the bolle. 1598Yong Diana 74 As I was going to the riuer to rince my clothes. 1611Cotgr., Rinser, to reinse linnen clothes. a1641Bp. R. Montagu Acts & Mon. (1642) 128 By scouring, washing, rinsing it as spots..are washed out of clothes. 1686Annals of Albany (1850) II. 94 No person whatsoever shall..rense cloathes..in or near any of the wells. 1791Hamilton Berthollet's Dyeing I. i. ii. i. 147 The cotton must be rinsed in a stream of water. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 544 In scouring the raw cotton, it is usual to boil it..in sour water or an alkaline ley, after which it is wrung out, rinsed, and dryed. 1859Jephson Brittany iv. 44 They were beating and rinsing and wringing the unfortunate sheets and table-cloths.
βc1440Generydes 1182 She toke the Shirte..And wesht it onys and ryneshed it so clene. 1611Cotgr., Esbourrer.., to rinch, or wash (a cloath, &c.) lightly, or sleightly. 1781Hutton Tour Caves, Rench, to wash clean with water, as cloths. 1825–in many dial. glossaries (as rinch, rench, ranch). a1841J. Guild Jrnl. in Proc. Vermont Hist. Soc. (1937) V. 263 She would..go down to a brook about forty rods and stand in the brook and rench her close.
γ1856J. Ballantine Poems 13 In the wee gushing burn [they] ringe their siller-white claes. 1881J. Sargisson Joe Scoap 141 (E.D.D.), Thay..rinje't em weel anunder t'pump.
c. Const. out. Also absol.
1941E. P. O'Donnell Great Big Doorstep i. 2 How many time I'm gunna tell you..to come and rench out the diaper? 1953[see drip-dry v.]. 1976M. Millar Ask for Me Tomorrow (1977) xvi. 132 You're not helpless. Can't you rinse out your own socks?
d. To treat (hair) with a rinse. Cf. rinse n. 2 c. Also absol.
1959N. Lofts Heaven in your Hand 125 His mother, of course, used make-up too, and had her hair ‘rinsed’ and waved. 1971M. Kelly 25th Hour i. 53 Louise's hair seemed to go an elegant grey all at once (she rinses a bit of course).
†5. In fig. or transf. uses:
a. To clean out, to empty. Obs. rare.
c1572Gascoigne Fruites Warre lxix, His owne companions can contriue a meane, To cutte his throate and rinse his budgets cleane.
†b. To moisten or drench. Obs. rare.
1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. iii. ix, To rince his clammy guts in beere. 1648G. Daniel Eclog iii. Hakon's Song ii, Had I but now, one boule To rince my thirsty Soule.
†c. To cleanse, to make clean or pure. Obs.
1600Rowlands Lett. Humours Blood vi. 79 A pottle of wine..Drunke with an Apple, is imployed right, To rince the Liver. a1628Preston Saints Daily Exercise (1629) 132 He washeth and renseth his heart. a1658Lovelace Poems (1864) 244 Thy thoughts..Rench'd from earth's tainted, fat and heavy steams.
6. To remove, to take away, clear out, by rinsing.
1565Cooper Thesaurus s.v. Abluo, To rinse away his thirst. 1582Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 92 Hee rinst in the water thee drosse from his late bored eyelyd. 1607T. Walkington Opt. Glass 3 That whole flood could not wash or rinch away that one spot of his atheisme. 1646P. Bulkeley Gospel Covt. i. 174 First wee scoure and rinse out the filth that is in it. 1794Waterhouse in Morse Amer. Geogr. (1796) I. 501 Such a course of water drinking will open obstructions, rinse out impurities.
7. To wash down with liquor.
1812W. Tennant Anster Fair i. lxix, Ever and anon they eat a lunch, And rinse the mouthfuls down with flav'rous whisky punch.
Hence rinsed ppl. a. Also † rinse-pitcher, one who drinks the rinsings of liquor; a toper.
a1400Morte Arth. 3375, I salle redily..reche the þe riche wyne in rynsede coupes. 1552Huloet, Rynche pytcher, lagenarius. 1562W. Bullein Bulwark, Bk. Simples (1579) 13 The rinsepichers had a good medicen prepared for them, for the Maior of London..made an order against mightie Bere and Ale. |