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Provence
(‖ prɔvɑ̃s, ˈprɒvəns)
[a. F. Provence:—L. prōvincia province.
The southern part of ancient Gallia (Narbonensis), which came under Roman rule long before the other parts, was familiarly styled (nostra) Provincia, ‘the (or our) province’.]
The name of a former province in the south-east of France east of the Rhone; used attrib., as in Provence oil, olive oil from Provence; Provence rose, the cabbage rose, Rosa centifolia, or a variety of it, esp. one bearing fragrant red flowers, or a hybrid produced by crossing R. centifolia and R. gallica; also, a flower of one of these plants.
There is a long-established confusion between Provence and Provins roses, reflected in quots. 1597 and 1905. Quot. 1578 probably refers to the Provins rose: cf. province rose s.v. province 10.
1578Lyte Dodoens vi. i. 653 The third kind are they which some call Roses of Prouince. 1597Gerard Herball iii. i. 1801 The Damaske Rose is called..of some Rosa provincialis, or Rose of Provence. 1707J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry I. xviii. 477 The Red Provence Rose, whose Branches and Leaves are bigger and greener than those of the common Red Rose. 1765H. St. John Let. to G. Selwyn 11 Jan. in Jesse S. & Contemp. (1843) I. 347 My brother desires you would be so good as to send him some very good Provence oil. 1817Repository of Arts (Ackermann) Jan. 53/1 A..bonnet..ornamented with Provence roses and fancy flowers. a1821Keats Cap & Bells in R. Monckton-Milnes Life Keats (1848) II. 219 She..wetted three or four White Provençe rose-leaves with her faery tears. 1837T. Rivers Rose Amateur's Guide 2 It is therefore very probable that it [sc. Rosa centifolia] was called the Provence Rose from growing more abundantly in that province. Ibid., Hybrid roses, between this [sc. R. centifolia] and Rosa gallica, are called Provence Roses by the French amateurs of the present day. 1847C. M. Yonge Scenes & Characters xxv. 301 Those are some Provence roses for Miss Weston. 1850Loudon Encycl. Gard. 1053/2, 55 R[osa] centifolia..Provence or Cabbage rose. 1848,1869[see gallica]. 1905Westm. Gaz. 31 July 10/1 The misnamed Provence rose was first introduced into France by the Crusaders at Provins (Seine and Marne). 1909R. G. Kingsley Roses iii. 39 The Moss Rose,..originally a sport from the common Provence or Cabbage Rose, was also introduced into England from Holland in 1596. 1955G. S. Thomas Old Shrub Roses xii. 139 Rosa gallica (the ‘French Rose’ or ‘Rose of Provins’). The title Provins is also found in the old name, Rosa provincialis, but must not be confused with the Provence Rose, Rosa centifolia. 1978J. Harkness Roses xiii. 180 These old roses [sc. centifolias] have mostly been known by three common names: Cabbage roses, Provence roses and Cent⁓feuilles. |