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auger, n.1|ˈɔːgə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 nabfogár, nabogár, -gaar, -gér, nafogár, nafegár, 2–3 nauegar, navegar, -gor, 3–6 nauger, 4–5 nagere, 6 nagare, nauguayre. β. 5–8 augur, 6 awgure, -ar, 7 augar, -oer, -ure, -or, awgor, oagar, -er, 7–9 augre, 6– auger.
[OE. nafu-gár, f. nafu ‘nave’ (of a wheel) + gár piercer, borer, spear; lit. ‘nave-borer,’ a compound found also in other Teutonic idioms; cf. OHG. nabugêr, nabigêr, nagibêr, MHG. nabeger, neg(e)ber, mod.G. näber, neber, LG. naviger, näviger, Du. avegaar (eveger, egger), ON. nafarr. The original -af- passed through -av- to -aw-, -au-, as in OE. hafoc, now hawk, and the initial n- has been lost, as in adder, through confusion of an nauger, a nauger, an auger. The latter change has taken place also in Dutch, and one analogous to the former in German.]
1. A carpenter's tool for boring holes in wood, etc., having a long pointed shank with a cutting edge and a screw point, and a handle fixed at right angles to the top of the shank, by means of which the tool is worked round with both hands.
c700Epinal Gloss. 1010 Terebellus, nabfogar. c875Erfurt Gl. naboger. c725Corpus Gl. 2002 nabogaar. a1000in Wright Voc. (W.) /44 Rotrum, nabogar. Ibid. /106 Terebrum, nafegar. Ibid. /241 Foratorium, nafogar. a1100Ibid. /333 Nauegar. a1200Ibid. /550 Navegar. a1300W. de Biblesworth in Wright Voc. 170 Par terere [glossed] wymble (nauger). a1400Chester Pl. i. 107 With this axe that I beare This perscer and this nagere. a1500in Wright Voc. (W.) /616 Terebrum, an augur or a persour. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §3. 12 An augurs bore. 1523― Surv. xxv. (1539) 48 To boore an hole with an nauger. 1556Inv. in French Shaks. Geneal. (1869) 472 One axe, a bill, iiij nagares. 1572Inv. in Midl. C. Hist. Coll. II. 363 Item three naugers. 1601Holland Pliny I. 490 To bore a hole into them with an augoer. 1607Shakes. Cor. iv. vi. 87 Your Franchises..confin'd Into an Augors boare. 1611Cotgr., Villette, a little Turrell, or Coopers oagar. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. (1703) 94 The Augre hath a handle and bit. Its office is to make great round holes. 1746Brit. Mag. 12 Something like an Augur or Cheese-borer. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 235 The Auger is the largest of all tools which are used for boring wood. 1848De Quincey Wks. IX. 282 To bore with an augre in a ship's bottom. 1881Mechanic §265 The auger..is a gimlet on a large scale.
2. An instrument for boring in the soil or strata of the earth, having a stem which may be lengthened as the perforation extends.
1594Plat Div. Sorts Soyle 29 A piercing Augur to search into the bowels of the earth. 1643Wood in Prynne & Walk. Fiennes's Tr. (1644) App. 11 Below that a firme strong Rocke, and that he had searched purposely with an Awgor. 1784E. Darwin in Phil. Trans. LXXV. 2 Till some sand was brought by the auger. 1879Wrightson in Cassell's Techn. Educ. I. 175 The auger or boring apparatus..looked upon..as saving excavation.
3. ‘A large spiral bit used to mix a material and force it through a die (as in a brickmaking machine or a meat grinder); the rotating helical member of a screw conveyor’ (Webster 1961). Hence as v. trans., to convey by an auger.
1934Webster, Auger, a rotating screwlike device for advancing chaff in some forms of spiral conveyors; a large spiral bit used to mix a material and force it through a die, as in a brick or a sausage machine. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 5 Jan. 74/3 Oats are shovelled or augered into the feed mixer until a flashing light indicates the feed mixing drum is full. Ibid. 8 Mar. 42/2 Regulated auger feed from food hoppers to mangers. 1963Gloss. Terms Agric. Machinery (B.S.I.) 82 Auger conveyor, a grain conveyor in which material is moved by the screwing action of a helix inside a tube or trough.
4. Comb. auger-hole, the hole drilled by an auger; auger-shell, the shell of the molluscous genus Terebra. Also auger-bit, auger-stem, etc.
1601Dent Pathw. Heaven (1831) 305 To creep into an auger-hole to hide their heads. 1677Moxon Mech. Exerc. (1703) 154 Should the augure-hole be too wide, the Shank would be loose in it. 1813M. Edgeworth Patronage (1833) I. ii. 37, I could have squeezed myself into an Auger-hole once, when you blundered. 1881Raymond Mining Gloss., Auger-stem, the bar to which a drilling-bit is attached. 1883Century Mag. July 329/2 The ‘augur stem,’ an iron bar perhaps eight feet long screwed into the bit. 1615Crooke Body of Man 762 The first paire are called Styloglossi or the Auger-tongue Muscles. 1757Borlase in Phil. Trans. L. 52 Pierced with the teredo, or augur-worm. |