| 释义 |
▪ I. attract, v.|əˈtrækt|
[f. L. attract- ppl. stem of attrah-ĕre to draw to, f. at-, ad- to + trahĕre to drag, draw. Formed on analogy of the verbs abstract, contract, which preceded it in use, and had been formed on the ppl. adjs. c 1400.]
To draw to or towards oneself. Only trans.
†1. To draw in, take in by drawing or suction:
a. fluids, nourishment, as the vessels of the body do; To absorb.
1540T. Raynalde Birth Man. 7 b, An attractife power..geuen to the wombe, to attracte and drawe towards itselfe the seede. 1652French Yorksh. Spa xi. 96 The internal vessels being heated will more strongly attract, and expell.
b. the breath; To inhale. (cf. L. pulmo attrahens ac reddens animam.)
1610J. Guillim Heraldry iii. xvii. (1660) 209 Animals that do attract and deliver their breath more strongly. 1667Phil. Trans. II. 603 To speak inwardly, as do the Ventriloqui, by attracting the Breath.
†c. ideas; To take in. (Cf. ‘swallow.’) Obs.
1593Nashe Christ's T. 181 A hundred thousand times more then thought can attract, or supposition apprehend.
†2. To draw to or toward oneself by taking hold of; to pull, drag in. Obs.
1669Boyle Cont. New Exper. ii. (1682) 16 That the Thumb sticking in the angle P, the rest of the fingers may attract the Lever L, and so force, etc. 1677Hale Prim. Orig. Man. 222 Out of the History of Moses touching the Universal Flood, and the History of Deucalion, Ovid made up his first Book, attracting in a great measure to the latter what was written of the former by Moses.
3. To draw to itself by invisible influence:
†a. Said of medical applications, as a poultice. Obs.
1563T. Gale Antidot. i. 2 Medicines which do drawe and attracte be of whote temperature and subtyle partes.
b. Said of physical forces: the word appropriated to the action of all bodies upon each other under the influence of gravitation, of electrical and magnetic bodies upon certain substances, and the like.
1627Smith Seaman's Gram. ii. 11 Iron nailes would attract the Compasse. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. iv, Jet and amber attracteth straws and light bodies. 1670Phil. Trans. V. 2041 This Substance is Electrical, attracting (to speak with the Vulgar,) when heated, straw, Feathers, etc. 1727–51Chambers Cycl. s.v., Every particle in nature is proved to attract every other particle. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sc., The sun attracts all the planets..inversely as the square of their distances from its centre.
c. Said of influencing the will and action of men or animals, so as to cause them to come near; e.g. to draw them by expected advantages, curiosity, admiration, sympathy.
1568Grafton Chron. (1809) II. 131 Secretly to enuegle and attract such persons of y⊇ nobility to ioyne with and take her part. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 69 It has attracted the City round about it. a1744Pope (J.) What nymph could e'er attract such crowds as you! 1874Helps Soc. Press. ii. 15 A great capital attracts great talent. 1879Lubbock Sci. Lect. i. 9 Color, scent, and honey are the three characteristics by which insects are attracted to flowers. 1884Manch. Exam. 9 June 5/1 The cricket ground..had never previously attracted such large gatherings.
d. Said of drawing to oneself parasites, disease, damp, dust, the shafts of wit, criticism, etc., by exposing a surface which intercepts them, or by presenting conditions favourable to their settlement.
1771Junius Lett. liv. 281 Private vices have not dignity sufficient to attract the censure of the press. Mod. Conditions which attract fever; likely to attract the cholera.
4. Hence (from 3 c, d), without any material movement:
a. To draw forth or excite towards oneself the pleasurable emotions of a person, so that he ‘feels drawn’ to the source of attraction, and takes pleasure in dwelling upon it in contemplation or thought. (Either the person or emotion may be the object.)
1601Shakes. Twel. N. ii. iv. 89 'Tis that miracle, and Queene of Iems That nature prankes her in, attracts my soule. 1667Milton P.L. x. 152 Adornd She was indeed, and lovely to attract Thy Love. 1836Kingsley Lett. (1878) I. 36 The beauty of the animate and the human began to attract me. 1876Green Short Hist. iii. §2 (1882) 118 John..had a strange gift of attracting friends and of winning the love of women.
b. To draw forth, and fix upon oneself the attention (of eyes, ears, mind), or notice, of others.
1692Dryden Eleonora 169 A wife..Made to attract his eyes, and keep his heart. a1808Porteus Lect. I. ii. (R.) A new star..attracted the notice of those illustrious strangers. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. §2. 20 Our attention was attracted by a singular noise.
5. To pilfer or steal. slang.
1891Kipling Light that Failed vii. 135 ‘Do they [sc. the students] still steal colours at lunch-time?’ ‘Not steal Attract is the word... I'm good—I only attract ultramarine; but there are students who'd attract flake-white.’ 1933‘E. Cambridge’ Hostages to Fortune 24 He ‘attracted’ some timber and built a boat house.
▪ II. † aˈttract, n. Obs.
Also 7 attraict.
[Formed after F. attrait, in 17th c. attraict, but going back in spelling to L. attractus (4th decl.), the original of the Fr.]
Attraction; chiefly in pl. attractive qualities, charms.
1633Earl of Manchester Al Mondo (1636) 198 Shee on her part corresponds, and with a willing assent glides after these attracts. 1671A. Behn Amorous Pr. iii. i. 364 Oh Madam ask your eyes, Those powerful attracts. 1673H. Stubbe Furth. Vind. Dutch War 27 The Image of some Hero, which is all life, charm, and attraict. |