| 释义 |
prototype|ˈprəʊtətaɪp|
Also 7 -tipe.
[a. F. prototype (Rabelais, 16th c.) f. mod.L. prototypon, q.v.]
1. a. The first or primary type of anything; the original (thing or person) of which another is a copy, imitation, representation, or derivative, or to which it conforms or is required to conform; a pattern, model, standard, exemplar, archetype.
1603Daniel Panegyric to King xxiii, There great Exemplare Prototipe of Kings, We finde the good shal dwel within thy Court. 1649Bp. Guthrie Mem. (1702) 10 The framing of the Petition having been committed to him, he had yet the Prototype by him. 1762–71H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1786) I. 90 He and..Charles Brandon were the prototypes of those illustrious heroes, with which Mademoiselle Scuderi has enriched the world of chivalry. 1845Darwin Voy. Nat. iv. (1879) 200 The Apteryx..as well as its gigantic extinct prototype the Deinornis, possess only rudimentary representatives of wings. 1869H. F. Tozer Highl. Turkey II. 284 For the prototype of this tale we must look to the story of ‘Brynhildr and Sigurd’.
b. spec. That of which a model is a copy on a reduced scale.
1920Flight 8 Jan. 57/2 Anyone can make a model resembling a full-size prototype that won't fly; this is not a scientific model. 1924H. Greenly Model Railways i. 6 Tonnage coefficient is the scale equivalent of the weight of a train or loco. in tons actual of the particular prototype. 1942Model Railway News Jan. 24/2 Were the Americans to enter the British market (i.e. the market based on British prototypes) the story would..be different. 1955E. A. Steel Model Mech. Engin. i. 1 The working model must be an engineering job. A model locomotive is built to the scale of 1½ in. to the foot or one-eighth the size of a prototype of similar design. 1967C. J. Freezer Model Railway Terminol. No. 18. 2/2 On the prototype the gauge is always expressed in feet and inches, or metric measurements. In the model it can be similarly expressed, but..it is customary to use numbers or letters to describe the gauges. 1975Railway Modeller Jan. 18/1 An hour or two beside a main line..can provide one with quite a collection of short trains suitable for modelling. A study of prototype railway magazines is another prolific source.
2. Electr. A basic filter network (usu. having series and shunt reactances in inverse proportion) with specified cut-off frequencies, from which other networks may be derived to obtain sharper cut-offs, constancy of characteristic impedance with frequency, etc. Freq. attrib.
1923Bell Syst. Technical Jrnl. II. 28 Mid-series and mid-shunt sections derived from prototypes other than the ‘constant-k’ wave-filter..are other possible units. 1932W. L. Everitt Communication Engin. vii. 170 The fundamental data required for a filter are the pass band or, in the case of a low-pass filter, the cut-off frequency, and the impedance into which it is to work. From these data the prototype is computed. 1962Newnes Conc. Encycl. Electr. Engin. 298/2, m-Derived Sections. These are ‘derived’ from the prototype sections above... The result is to introduce resonance into the shunt arm and/or antiresonance into the series arm,..so that the attenuation rises much more steeply. 1977M. H. Klayton Fund. Electr. Technol. xviii. 578 This band-pass filter is another form of the constant-k prototype circuit. The same elements can be rearranged to form a constant-k prototype band-suppression filter, sometimes called a wave trap.
3. The first full-size working version of a new vehicle, machine, etc., or a preliminary one made in small numbers so that its performance and methods of mass-production can be evaluated. Freq. attrib.
1932Flight 26 Feb. 170/1 The A.B. 20 was actually begun as a three-engined machine, like its prototype the D.B. 70. 1935C. G. Burge Compl. Bk. Aviation 261/1 The first experimental machine of a new type is usually made by a special department in the factory... This first or ‘prototype’ machine is, to a large extent, hand-made. 1939Flight 28 Dec. 530a/1 Of these one or two, such as the Ha 138 flying boat, may have been put into production, but in the main the machines are ‘prototype only’. 1948J. S. Murphy Production Engin. ii. 20 The previous model forms an ideal basis for the prototype, and experimental work can be carried out under practical conditions. 1948‘N. Shute’ No Highway i. 16 That was the prototype Reindeer, the one we had here for the trials. 1955Times 10 Aug. 8/4 The American figures assumed the large⁓scale development 15 to 20 years hence of types of reactor now at the prototype stage. 1964Jrnl. Geophysical Res. LXIX. 2399/1 The development of a prototype lunar transponder..demonstrates the feasibility of designing future transponders for hard landings on the moon. 1970P. H. Hill Sci. Engin. Design iii. 47 When entering the experimental stage of the design process..one should first deal with the mock-up, then the model, and finally the prototype after the mock-up and model have proven the real worth of the design. 1978Daily Tel. 7 Apr. 2/5 Three camels from Longleat Wildlife Park..were driven 80 miles to Reading..where the prototype of the camel-milking machine..had been set up. |