| 释义 |
prototrophic, a.|-ˈtrəʊfɪk, -ˈtrɒfɪk|
[f. Gr. πρωτο- (see proto-) + τροϕ-ή nourishment + -ic.]
1. Bot. [ad. G. prototroph (A. Fischer Vorlesungen über Bakterien (1897) v. 47).] = autotrophic adj. s.v. auto-1.
1900A. C. Jones tr. Fischer's Struct. Bacteria v. 48 A better classification would be to divide the bacteria, according to their mode of life, into three biological groups, prototrophic, metatrophic, and paratrophic. Ibid., Prototrophic species are those which either require no organic compounds at all for their nutrition (nitrifying bacterium), or which, given the smallest quantity of organic carbon, can derive all their nitrogen from the atmosphere (bacteria of root-nodules). With them may be classed..sulphur and iron bacteria. 1923F. O. Bower Bot. Living Plant (ed. 2) xxviii. 430 On the basis of nutrition Bacteria have been classified into three groups: (i) Prototrophic, those which require no organic compounds at all for their nutrition. These are represented by the nitrifying Bacteria which live in open nature, in the soil, and are never parasitic. (ii) Metatrophic... (iii) Paratrophic. 1940Nature 26 Oct. 541/2 If virus was the first form of life, it ought to be possible to find prototrophic viruses which feed on inorganic materials.
2. Genetics. Being a prototroph.
1946[see prototroph]. 1952Genetics XXXVII. 721 Prototrophic stereomycin-sensitive (Ss) stocks were crossed to Sr (streptomycin-resistant) auxotrophs by plating the parents on minimal-streptomycin agar. 1958[see prototroph]. 1978Nature 29 June 753/2 When complementary auxotrophs of opposite mating type are conjugated and plated on minimal medium (MM), several types of prototrophic colonies grow up.
Hence protoˈtrophically adv.
1978Nature 20 Apr. 731/1 These cells..now grow prototrophically at a reduced rate identical to that of the spermidine-deficient cells. |