| 释义 |
▪ I. ricochet, n. orig. Mil.|ˈrɪkəʃeɪ, ˈrɪkəʃɛt|
[a. F. ricochet the skipping of a shot, or of a flat stone on the water.
In older F. the word occurs only in the phr. fable or chanson du (or de) ricochet; on the meaning and origin of this see Littré, Godefroi Compl., and Romania XXVIII. (1899) 50–53.]
1. a. A method of firing by which the projectile is made to glance or skip along a surface with a rebound or series of rebounds; also, the skipping of a cannon-ball or bullet, intentional or accidental. by ricochet (F. à ricochet), at a rebound. Also fig.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) s.v. Range, To fire a piece by way of the ricochet, the cannon is only charged with a quantity of powder sufficient to carry the shot along the face of the works attacked. 1838Penny Cycl. X. 376/1 The traverses in the covered way were proposed by Vauban, in order to diminish the effect of the ricochet. 1859Musketry Instr. 54 To keep a memorandum of each shot fired, under the head of bull's-eyes, centres, outers, ricochets, and misses. 1883Stevenson Treas. Isl. iv. xviii, The shot..buried itself in the soft sand. We had no ricochet to fear.
fig.1840De Quincey Essenes Wks. 1859 X. 295 The multiplied ricochets through which it [chrism] impressed itself upon the vocabulary of the case. 1876Meredith Beauch. Career II. vii. 129 The allocution..was intended to strike Captain Beauchamp by ricochet.
b. The subjection of a place to this kind of firing.
1828J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner (ed. 2) 355 In the ricochet of a fortification of any kind, the elevation of the gun should seldom exceed 10 degrees.
2. attrib.
a. In ricochet fire or ricochet firing.
1769Falconer Dict. Marine (1780) s.v. Range, When ricochet-firing is used, the pieces are elevated from 3 to 6 degrees. 1773Burke To Sir C. Bingham Wks. IX. 142 This ricochet cross-firing of so many opposite batteries of police and regulation. 1863Kinglake Crimea (1877) IV. xiii. 316 A ricochet fire which..had been working havoc in their ranks. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 572 Ricochet fire, that whereby..the shot or shell is made to just clear a parapet, and bound along the interior of a work.
b. In general use, as ricochet battery, ricochet mound; ricochet word (see quots.).
1782Encycl. Brit. (ed. 2) IX. 6714/1 The batteries are likewise called ricochet-batteries. 1797Ibid. (ed. 3) XVIII. 782/1 The faces..ought to be enfiladed by the ricochet batteries.
1859Musketry Instr. 54 One of the men in the ricochet butt.
1865Lubbock Preh. Times xiii. (1869) 433 It rebounds in a straight line, pursuing a ricochet motion.
1902Kynoch Jrnl. Apr.–May 80/2 At various points we have placed ricochet mounds, the first of which will catch any low or accidentally fired shot.
1828J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner (ed. 2) 355 Tables of ricochet practice, shewing the charge, elevation, time of flight, and effect at various ranges.
1875Bedford Sailor's Pocket Bk. vii. (ed. 2) 257 The fewer boats there are in a column, the less effect will ricochet shot have upon them.
1881Brewer's Dict. Phr. & Fable (ed. 12) 742/2 Reduplicated or Ricochet words, of intensifying force. Chit-chat, click-clack. 1967W. & M. Morris Dict. Word & Phr. Origins II. 228 His hobby is collecting what he calls ‘Siamese-twin words’..from argy⁓bargy to zoot suit. The word experts call these ‘reduplicated words’ or, in lighter moments, ‘ricochet words’.
▪ II. ricochet, v. orig. Mil.|ˈrɪkəʃeɪ, ˈrɪkəʃɛt|
[f. the n. The F. verb is ricocher.
The suppression of the t is also extended to the forms ricochetted, ricochetting (cf. crochetted, crochetting). In these forms, and in the verb generally, stressing on the third syllable is common.]
1. intr. Of a projectile or the like: To glance or skip with a rebound or series of rebounds. With from, on, over, upon, etc.
1828J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner (ed. 2) 355 The smaller the angle, under which a shot is made to ricochet, the longer it will preserve its force and have effect. 1830Marryat King's Own xxxi, The shot..ricochetting over them, disappeared in the wave. 1861Lamont Seasons w. Seahorses 86 The bullets ricochetted on the water close past his ears. 1867Baker Nile Trib. v. (1872) 66 It would ricochet from the surface of water.
fig.1894Nation 23 Aug. 137/1 Then the gaze ranges east and north,..ricocheting from hill to hill.
2. trans. To subject to ricochet firing.
1758J. Amherst Jrnl. Siege of Louisbourg in Gentl. Mag. XXVIII. 387/2 [Guns] to ricochet the works and the town. 1841Penny Cycl. XX. 7/2 The parapet which covers the rampart or the ground to be ricochetted. 1879Encycl. Brit. IX. 448/2 The faces of the bastions themselves can be ricochetted from an equal distance.
Hence ˈricochetting ppl. a.
1841Penny Cycl. XX. 7/2 Thus the guns in the ricochetting batteries are enabled to enfilade the faces in their whole length. 1887Daily News 1 Nov. 5/1 A ricochetting piece of iron had gone through his leg. |