| 释义 |
Rhodesian, a. and n.|rəʊˈdiːʃ(ɪ)ən, -ʒən|
[f. (sense A. 1) the name of C. J. Rhodes (see Rhodes) + -ian; (other senses) Rhodesia (see note) + -an.
Rhodesia (so called in the late nineteenth century after Cecil Rhodes) was orig. the name of a large British territory in southern Africa comprising North-Eastern and North-Western (later Northern) Rhodesia, and Southern Rhodesia. Northern Rhodesia became known on independence (1964) as Zambia, and Southern Rhodesia (then Rhodesia) became Zimbabwe on independence (1980).]
A. adj.
†1. With pronunc. |ˈrəʊdzɪən|. Of or pertaining to C. J. Rhodes. Obs.
1891Review of Reviews Jan. 8/2 He maintains that the Portuguese..are most objectionable people, whose elimination from South Africa is one of the planks of the Rhodesian platform. 1893Work & Workers Nov. 450/2 Lo Bengula's forces, bent on revenge, are slowly moving towards the Rhodesian settlements. 1897[see Krugerism].
2. Of, pertaining to, or belonging to Rhodesia.
1895Rhodesian Mining & Finance Co. Ltd. Prospectus 5 (heading) Form of Application for Shares. To the Directors of the Rhodesian Mining & Finance Company, Limited. 1899M. M. Verney Mem. IV. vii. 258 He might be in the ‘moral meridian’ of Rhodesian politics to-day. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 232/1 In November 1897 the Rhodesian Railway..had reached Bulawayo. 1935Discovery Nov. 315/2 Here is an argument that should be retained in the mind of the exploiters of the countryside, whether Rhodesian, American, or even British. 1956African Affairs LV. 70 MacDonald..commanded a Rhodesian battalion in the second world war. 1974Standard Encycl. S. Afr. X. 141/2 In the Second World War it was decided to use the Rhodesian military potential in a somewhat different fashion. Rhodesian youths..made good officers, especially in colonial units. 1977Whitaker's Almanack 1978 596/2 The Rhodesian prime minister (Mr Ian Smith) announced major relaxations in the racial laws.
3. Special collocations.
a. Palæont. Rhodesian man, a fossil hominid usually considered to be an early type of Homo sapiens, known from remains found at Broken Hill, Northern Rhodesia, in 1921; Rhodesian skull, the skull of Rhodesian man.
1921A. S. Woodward in Nature 17 Nov. 372/2 The newly discovered Rhodesian man may therefore revive the idea that Neanderthal man is truly an ancestor of Homo sapiens. 1937Jrnl. R. Anthrop. Inst. LXVIII. 51 Javanthropus appears to be more primitive than the European Neandertal man and has quite a resemblance to the Rhodesian Man. 1946F. E. Zeuner Dating Past ix. 296 Another undated Neandertaloid is the Rhodesian Skull. 1952Proc. Prehist. Soc. XVIII. 125 This fossil [sc. the Florisbad skull] is now generally accepted as being a specialised type not much older than Rhodesian man. 1973B. J. Williams Evol. & Human Origins xi. 185/1 The Saldanha skull provided another specimen almost identical to that of Rhodesian Man. Ibid., The Rhodesian skull differs in minor features from the classic Neandertal of Europe. 1978Sci. Amer. Sept. 150/2 Rhodesian man..a form no longer considered a distinct species.
b. Rhodesian (tick) fever, Rhodesian redwater, Rhodesian sleeping sickness = East Coast fever s.v. east D. 1 b.
1904Rhodesian redwater, tick fever [see east D. 1 b]. 1904Jrnl. Trop. Med. VII. 322/1 We are dealing with true Texas fever and not the atypical South African or Rhodesian fever. 1962Gordon & Lavoipierre Entomol. xxix. 184 The chief vector of Rhodesian sleeping sickness..is G[lossina] morsitans.
c. Rhodesian lion dog or Rhodesian ridgeback, a large, short-coated, light brown dog belonging to the breed so called, distinguished by a ridge of hair along the middle of the back, growing in the opposite direction to the rest of the coat.
1930Observer 9 Feb. 13/2 Such rarities as..Rhodesian lion dogs, distinguished by the ridge of hair running along the back the reverse way of the rest of the coat. 1937Our Dogs 10 Dec. 886/2 The belief that the Rhodesian Ridgeback is the direct result of crossing the old Cuban Bloodhound with the Hottentot Hunting Dog arose a considerable time ago. 1948C. L. B. Hubbard Dogs in Britain xxi. 373 The Rhodesian Ridgeback obtains its name from this crest of hair which is present in all true specimens of the breed. Ibid. 375 It [sc. the Rhodesian Ridgeback] was for some years known in Britain as the Rhodesian Lion Dog. 1955J. Packer Valley of Vines iv. 44 Their house stood empty save for the Native boy, Elias, and two Rhodesian ridgebacks. 1979A. Price Tomorrow's Ghost xi. 182, I think we ought to have dogs... A pair of Rhodesian Ridgebacks—‘Lion Dogs’.
B. n.
1. A native or inhabitant of Rhodesia. (Until independence usu. specifically a white inhabitant of Rhodesia.)
1897Rhodesia 27 Nov. 62/2 To avow that the average Rhodesian is any better than other frail humanity would be untrue; but they are no worse. 1901G. Grey in Geogr. Jrnl. XVIII. 64 No one could fail to be impressed by the magnificence of the mighty river, much less a Rhodesian. 1936Jrnl. R. African Soc. XXXV. 47 It is well..that the present generation of Rhodesians should be occasionally reminded that their prosperous condition has not been attained without much endurance. 1956African Affairs LV. 70 The attitude of most Rhodesians may be said to be that, although they see in advancement of the African a possible limitation of their own privileges, they would not wish that progress to be curbed. 1977Time 8 Aug. 26/2, I [sc. Ian Smith] have the backing of the majority of Rhodesians. I believe Rhodesians are prepared to move, but not in the direction of a sellout.
†2. pl. Stock Exchange. The shares of Rhodesian mining companies. Obs.
1901[see Kaffir Circus s.v. Kaffir 4]. 1936Economist 28 Mar. 726/1 Rhodesians also failed to share in the improvement in the Kaffir department, and prices tended to sag.
†3. A Rhodes Scholar. Obs.
Perhaps better regarded as formed on Rhodes with pronunc. |ˈrəʊdzɪən|.
1903'Varsity 3 Mar. 209 Herds of cattle..infest the streets on market-days... However, we may look for an improvement..when the stock whips of the Rhodesians have become common weapons. 1905Athenæum 16 Dec. 837/2 The Rhodesians are well spread out amongst the Colleges. Of the present year Christ Church takes 7; Balliol and Oriel, 5;..and the other Colleges 3 or less. |