| 释义 |
protestation|prɒtɪˈsteɪʃən|
[a. F. protestation (13th c. in Littré), ad. late L. prōtestātio (in Itala, 2 Macc. vii. 6), n. of action f. prōtest-ārī to protest.]
The action of protesting; that which is protested.
1. A solemn affirmation of a fact, opinion, or resolution; a formal public assertion or asseveration. to make protestation, to protest in a solemn or formal manner.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 9593, I make here a protestacion, Þat I wil stand til þe correccion Of ilka rightwyse lered man. c1386Chaucer Miller's Prol. 29 First I make a protestacioun, That I am dronke I knowe it by my soun. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 98 With a meke protestacyon deny it, & clere your selfe. 1559Declar. Doctrine in Strype Ann. Ref. (1709) I. viii. 116 Although in our last protestation made before the honourable auditory at Westminster, we sufficiently set forth in few words the sum of our faith. 1591Shakes. Two Gent. iv. iv. 133, I know they are stuft with protestations, And full of new-found oathes, which he will breake As easily as I doe teare his paper. 1663Cowley Verses & Ess., Cromwell (1669) 64 If there had been any faith in mens vows and protestations. 1733Neal Hist. Purit. II. 437 They entered into a solemn Protestation to stand by each other with their lives and fortunes. 1838Dickens Nich. Nick. xxviii, Many protestations of friendship, and expressions anticipative of the pleasure which must inevitably flow from so happy an acquaintance. 1899Westm. Gaz. 4 Oct. 10/1 The great ‘Church of the Protestation’, which is being erected at Spires as a memorial of the origin of the name ‘Protestant’ at the famous Reichstag in that city in 1529.
†b. by, with, under (a) protestation, with the assertion of the reservation or stipulation, under the condition (that). Cf. protest v. 5. Obs.
1425Rolls of Parlt. IV. 267/2 Yat he myghte speke under protestation, to yat ende. 1480Coventry Leet Bk. 444 With a protestacion that the seid Priour & Couent may be at their liberte at all tymes to refourme & adde more. Ibid. 454 The answeres..made..to þe bill of Compleynt made be þe priour of Couentre, be protestacion þat þis answer at all tymes hereafter may be altered, added þerto, amended or otherwyse reformed at eny tyme requisite. 1576Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 577 Under protestatioun that thay na wayis grant the narrative..to be of veritie.
2. Law.
†a. In pleading, an affirmation or denial, introduced in form of a protest, of some allegation the truth of which the pleader cannot directly affirm or deny without duplicating his plea, and which he cannot pass over lest he should be held to have tacitly waived or admitted it (see quot. 1628). Obs.
by protestation, by way of or in the form of a protestation.
1471–3in Calr. Proc. Chanc. Q. Eliz. (1830) II. Pref. 55 Thomas seith, by protestacion, that the mater contened in the seid bill is insufficient to put hym to answer therto. 1551in Leadam Sel. Cas. Crt. Requests (Selden) 57 And he beyng thereof so seysed dyed of such estate thereof by protestacion seysed. 1579Expos. Terms Law 162 b/2 Protestation is a sauinge to the partie (that so pleadeth by protestation) to bee concluded by any matter alledged or obiected against him, vpon which he cannot ioin issu. 1628Coke On Litt. 124 b, Protestation..is an exclusion of a conclusion that a party to an action may by pleading incurre, or it is a safegard to the party which keepeth him from being concluded by the plea he is to make, if the issue be found for him. 1797Tomlins Law Dict. s.v., The use of a Protestation in pleading seems to be this, viz. When one party alleges or pleads several matters, and the other party can only offer, or take issue on one of them, he protests against the others.
b. Sc. Law. (See quot. 1838.)
1571Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 92 Thay will proceid and minster justice alsweill be geving of protestationis and decretis. 1633Acts of Sederunt 12 Dec. (1790) 46 Act anent Expences in Protestations. 1739Ibid. 7 July 325. 1838 W. Bell Dict. Law Scot. s.v., Where a pursuer, advocator or suspender, after having raised an action, fails to insist in it, his opponent, by means of protestation, may compel him either to proceed or to suffer the action to fall... [This] is done by delivering to one of the Outer-house clerks, a note for insertion in the minute-book of the Court of Session... This note..is called a protestation.
3. A solemn or formal declaration of dissent or objection; = protest n. 4.
1641J. Jackson True Evang. T. iii. 194 After a thousand Complaints, Dissertations, Protestations against their Errors. 1661Wood Life 1 Apr. (O.H.S.) I. 391 Mr. Brent desir'd them..to read a paper..containing a protestation in the name of all the fellowes, under a public notarie's hand, against the admission of Sir Thomas Clayton to the wardenship of Merton coll. 1793Acc. Proc. Camb. agst. W. Frend 194, I Robert Tyrwhitt, a non-regent master of arts, do, within ten days, make this open and legal protestation against the said grace. 1803Jefferson Writ. (1830) IV. 7 Spain had entered into a protestation against our ratification of the treaty. 1849Stovel Introd. Canne's Necess. p. xxxiii, Its burning fetters have provoked.. protestation, resistance, dissent, in various forms, civil and sacred.
b. = protest n. 4 b.
1624(May 26) in Rogers Protests of Lords (1875) I. 2 Therefore the Lords, spiritual and temporal, in the higher House of Parliament, now assembled, do hereby declare and pronounce, and cause this protestation to be entered on record, in the rolls of this Parliament. 1641(Sept. 9) Ibid. 6 [The first formal protest with Reasons in the Journals of the House] We whose names are underwritten did disassent, and having, before the putting of the question, demanded our right of protestation, did accordingly make our protestation: That [etc.]. 1700(April 4) Ibid. 139 We cannot but enter this our protestation against a second reading of this Bill. 1722Jrnls. Ho. Lords XXII. 73/1 The restraining the Assertions, used in Protestations, to the Apprehension or Opinion of the Lords protesting.
4. attrib., as protestation meeting, protestation money (2 b).
1589Pappe w. Hatchet (1844) 36, I drew neere the sillie soule whom I found quiuering in two sheetes of protestation paper [alluding to the Marprelate tract ‘The Protestation’]. 1661Acts of Sederunt 4 July (1790) 78 The supplication of Richard Wairde, lately clerk of the bills, under the usurpers, mentioning him to have in his hands severall sums of money, consigned as protestation-money. 1908Nation (N.Y.) 6 June 342/2 Protestation meetings have been held. |