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articulation|ɑːˌtɪkjʊˈleɪʃən|
[a. F. articulation (16th c. in Littré), ad. L. articulātiōn-em, n. of action f. articulāre to joint.]
1. The action or process of jointing; the state of being jointed; mode of jointing or junction.
1597Lowe Art Chyrurg. (1634) 360 Bones..joyned together..by Articulation. 1706Art of Painting (1744) 201 Expressing exactly the articulation of the members. 1873Burton Hist. Scot. I. i. 2 A long process of growth and articulation. 1881Mivart Cat 65 Serves for the articulation of the lower jaw. 1881G. Milner Country Pleas. xxxv. 197 The wonderful structure and articulation of the branches.
b. concr. A jointed structure or series.
1873Burton Hist. Scot. I. iii. 82 An articulation of mountains.
2. A joint.
a. In the animal body: The structure or mechanism whereby two bones, or two parts of the invertebrate skeleton, are connected, whether stiffly, or in such a way that one moves in or on the other.
1615Crooke Body of Man 913 Almost euery articulation is cursted ouer with a gristle to make the motion more easie. 1743tr. Heister's Surg. 106 Fractures near the Articulations. 1835Kirby Hab. & Inst. Anim. I. vi. 205 To form a kind of ball and socket articulation. 1835Southw. Smith Philos. Health I. v. 198 The union of the bones of the cranium affords an example of an immoveable articulation.
b. In plants. The place at which a deciduous member, as a leaf, separates from the plant; also, the knots or joints in the stems of grasses, canes, etc.
1658Sir T. Browne Gard. Cyrus II. 540 In the parts of plants which are not ordained for motion, we do not expect correspondent Articulations. 1742Bailey, Articulation (among Herbalists), the Jointure or Knots that are in stalks or roots. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 223 The petiole almost always having an articulation.
3. One of the segments of a jointed body; the part contained between two joints, in a limb, the stem of a grass, etc.
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. iv. 10 The distinct Limbs and articulations thereof. 1833Lyell Elem. Geol. xix. (1874) 330 The numerous ‘articulations’ once composing the stem, arms and body of the encrinite were scattered at random. 1860Samuelson Honey Bee ii. 17 Distinctly divided into what appear to be perfect rings or articulations.
†4. Bending by flexible joints. Obs. rare.
1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Cyrurg., Without these [muscles] it is nat possyble to make artyculacyon or mouyng.
†5. (See quot.) Obs. rare.
1681tr. Willis' Rem. Med. Wks., Articulation, a shooting of spriggs from the joynts.
6. The utterance of the distinct elements of speech; articulate voice.
1615Crooke Body of Man 629 The Tongue..is the very organ of Articulation. 1626Bacon Sylva §194 Overgreat distance confoundeth the articulation of sounds. 1773Ld. Monboddo Lang. (1774) I. i. xv. 184 Articulation is not natural to man. 1881Whitney Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 22 Articulation is virtually syllabication,—a breaking of the stream of utterance into joints, by the intervention of closer utterances or consonants..between the opener utterances or vowels.
7. Utterance; speech.
a1711Ken Anodynes Poet. Wks. 1721 III. 418 My Spirit intercepts my Cries, E're they t'articulation rise. 1855Singleton Virgil I. 311 And to my jaws articulation clave.
8. An articulate sound or utterance.
1764Reid Inquiry iv. §2 The articulations of the voice seem to be of all signs the most proper for artificial language. 1855H. Spencer Psychol. (1872) I. ii. ii. 173 Sequent notes, or articulations, cling together with tenacity.
b. esp. A consonant.
1849A. M. Bell Princ. Elocut. 39 All actions of the vocal organs which partially or wholly obstruct or which compress the breath or voice, are called articulations. 1878― ibid., The oral actions here denominated ‘articulations’ have been more commonly called ‘consonants.’
9. Articulate quality, distinctness. rare.
c1785Cowper Needl. Alarm 68 The looks and gestures of their griefs and fears Have all articulation in his ears. a1834Coleridge (in Webster), That definiteness and articulation of imagery. |