| 释义 |
▪ I. articulate, a. and n.|ɑːˈtɪkjʊlət|
[ad. L. articulāt-us jointed: see article and -ate.]
A. adj.
I. Jointed, having joints.
1. Jointed on, united by a joint.
1610Healey St. Aug. City of God 526 Our articulate members..our hands, or feete. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 467 Stipes not articulate with the rootstock.
2. Jointed, composed of segments united by joints; e.g. the vertebral column, some sea-weeds.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 231 Body straight, and articulate. 1869M. Somerville Molec. Sc. ii. ii. 180 Ceraminacea..are filiform articulate plants with the nucleus naked.
b. Zool. Of the type of the Articulata.
1855H. Spencer Psychol. (1872) I. i. ii. 16 The Articulate types, composed of segments bearing limbs. 1876tr. Haeckel's Hist. Creat. I. iii. 52 The Articulate animals are characterized by their ventral nerve-chord.
†3. Of or pertaining to the joints. Obs. rare.
1638T. Whitaker Blood of Grape 75 (T.) The causes internal of these articulate pains move upon one hinge of Hippocrates.
4. Distinctly jointed or marked; having the parts distinctly recognizable.
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. Apol. 503 The outward Lineaments thus perfect and articulate in this Glorious Body. 1824W. Irving T. Trav. II. 254 A miserable horse, whose ribs were as articulate as the bars of a gridiron.
5. Of things immaterial, in same sense.
1664H. More Myst. Iniq. 223 These Apocalyptick Visions..are made so as to seem very trim and express, very complete and articulate in the very outward Cortex. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. I. ii. i. 53 Added to the firm land of articulate History. 1877Mrs. Oliphant Mak. Flor. Introd. 14 The most articulate and important period of Florentine history.
6. Of sound: Divided into distinct parts (words and syllables) having each a definite meaning; as opposed to such inarticulate sounds as a long musical note, a groan, shriek, or the sounds produced by animals. Also fig. speaking plainly or intelligibly.
1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. (1589) 120 Speech is made by aire, beaten and framed with articulate and distinct sound. 1642R. Carpenter Experience i. viii. 28 Not in articulate and plaine speech, but in grones. 1667Milton P.L. ix. 557 Beasts..Created mute to all articulat sound. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil ii. x. (1840) 325 Who talk..with articulate plain voices, as if men. 1840Carlyle Heroes (1858) 270 Truly, it is a great thing for a Nation that it get an articulate voice. 1875H. E. Manning Mission H. Ghost ix. 244 Secret whispers of sorrow..which may never be uttered in articulate and audible words.
b. articulate-speaking: using articulate speech, speaking articulately, and thus, intelligibly.
1829Carlyle Misc. (1857) I. 271 Language of articulate-speaking men. 1834― Past & Pr. (1858) 266 Articulate-speaking functionaries.
7. Hence transferred to hearing, and other sensations, and to thought and intelligence: Distinct.
1626D'Ewes in Ellis Orig. Lett. i. 322 III. 217 The Byshopp saied in my articulate hearing. 1662H. More Antid. Ath. iii. vi. (1712) 100 To clear up this dim and cloudy discovery of Spirits, into more distinct and articulate Apparitions. 1829I. Taylor Enthus. v. (1867) 101 An articulate warning is presented. 1831Carlyle Misc. III. 4 The mere upper surface [of our Thinking] that we shape into articulate Thoughts. 1855Bain Senses & Int. ii. ii. §10 (1864) 187 The discriminative or articulate character of the sense of touch.
II. Articled; consisting of or treated in articles.
†8. Formulated in articles; e.g. a system of doctrine, a set of regulations, an agreement. Obs.
1579J. Stubbes Gaping Gulf B j b, [Did not] make any precedent pact or articulat condition aforehand with the Idolaters. 1586T. Rogers 39 Art. (1607) 175 Neither tie we the Church so strictly to the signs articulate. 1622Bacon Hist. Hen. VII, Wks. 1860. 475 His instructions were ever extreme, curious, and articulate.
†9. Charged or specified in articles. Obs.
1569Hawkins in Arber Eng. Garner V. 231 The articulate Sir William Garrard, Knight..and others joined with them in Society. Ibid. 240 The Ship articulate, called the Swallow, was of the adventure. 1726Ayliffe Parerg. 66 If the defendant does not believe the Sum Articulate.
†10. Consisting of tens. See article n. 15. Obs.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 186 They accounted their digits and articulate numbers unto an hundred. Ibid. 280 Using the full and articulate number, [we] doe write the Translation of Seventy; whereas..the precise number was Seventy two.
B. n. Zool. An articulate animal, one of the Articulata.
1874Wood Nat. Hist. 1 The Articulates, or jointed animals, form an enormously large division. 1878O. W. Holmes Motley 152 Annalists will pile up facts for ever like so many articulates or mollusks or radiates.
▪ II. articulate, v.|ɑːˈtɪkjʊleɪt|
[f. prec. or on analogy of vbs. so formed. At first articulate was used as its pa. pple. The chronological order of the senses is not the logical, branch II being earlier than I.]
I. To joint. (Later sense in English.)
1. trans. To joint, to attach by a joint. (Mostly in pass.)
1616Surfl. & Markh. Countr. Farme 473 The mouth..which is articulated or close ioined with the shanke. Mod. The point at which the limb is articulated to the trunk.
2. To joint together, connect by joints, into a series; to mark with apparent joints. (Mostly pass.)
1644[See articulated ppl. a. 2 a.] 1872Mivart Anat. 24 The most movable joints are those in which the adjacent bones are articulated on the principle either of a pivot, or of a hinge. 1873Burton Hist. Scot. I. ii. 71 They are not articulated into lines of hills. 1879J. Young Ceramic Art 40 A cylindrical Japanese vase in Sutton's Collection is reticulated, or articulated.
3. intr. (for refl.) To form a joint (with); to unite with by a joint.
1832Lyell Princ. Geol. II. 15 The human head does not articulate in the centre of gravity. 1847Ansted Anc. World viii. 168 These latter bones again also articulate with the breast-bone. 1872Huxley Phys. vii. 171 The hollow of the cup articulates with a spheroidal surface furnished by the humerus.
4. trans. To divide (vocal sound) into distinct parts (words and syllables) each representing a notion or relation.
1594T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. ii. 87 This instrument fashioneth the voyce, & causeth it to yeeld a sound, & so prepareth it for the tongue, that it may be articulated and framed into speech by y⊇ same. 1615Crooke Body of Man 715 First to articulate the voyce. 1810Coleridge Friend i. xiii. (1867) 57 He amuses himself with articulating the pulses of the air. 1817― Biog. Lit. I. 291 Air articulated into nonsense.
5. To pronounce distinctly; to utter, give utterance to; to express in words.
1691Ray Creation (J.) The muscles of the tongue [of apes] which do most serve to articulate a word. 1772Porteus Civ. Negro States (R.) The moment they are capable of articulating their words. 1826Disraeli Viv. Grey ii. v. 41 That lady..began to articulate a horrible patois. 1839Carlyle Chartism i. (1858) 5 To interpret and articulate the dumb deep want of the people! 1847Bushnell Chr. Nurture ii. ii. (1861) 256 Wrongs which never get articulated.
6. intr. To utter words; to speak distinctly; often, to pronounce.
1642Milton Apol. Smect. (1851) 292 Measure a just cadence, and scan without articulating. 1670Cotton Espernon i. iv. 190 He had..so great a weakness in his tongue that he could not articulate. 1788V. Knox Winter Even. III. ix. iii. 234 The capricious modes of dressing, articulating and moving. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 356 His agitation was so great that he could not articulate.
II. To article. (The earlier sense in English.)
7. trans. To formulate in an article or articles; to set forth in articles, particularize, specify. ? Obs.
1562Foxe A. & M. I. 308/1 Thought good to articulate the foresaid objections..in writing. 1589Nashe Almond for Parrat 18 b, If I articulate all the examples of their absurdeties that I could. 1625Bp. R. Montagu App. Cæsar. 51 Can you find this..so prescribed in our Church? or articulated unto our Teachers?
†8. trans. and intr. To charge, bring a charge against. Obs.
1553–87Foxe A. & M. III. 356 It was articulate against him that..he did hold, etc. 1590Articles in Fuller Ch. Hist. ix. vii. § 27 V. 142 We do object and articulate against him, that he..hath forsaken, etc. 1603Drayton Barons Wars ii. lxiv, Gainst whom, at Pomfret, they articulate.
†9. trans. To arrange by articles or conditions.
1602W. Fulbecke Pandects 42 Articulating peace with the Albanes. 1676Bullokar, Articulate, to set down articles or conditions of agreement.
†10. intr. To come to terms; to capitulate. Obs.
1597Daniel Civ. Wares v. xx, How to articulate with yielding Wightes. 1605Camden Rem. 212 The Inhabitants were willing to articulate, and to yeelde themselves to the Duke of Burgundie. 1607Shakes. Cor. i. ix. 76 Send vs to Rome The best, with whom we may articulate, For their owne good, and ours. 1643Prynne Power Parl. iii. 57 Those three gods..have thus Articulated, lest upon their intrenching on one anothers jurisdiction, they might make Warre among themselves. |