| 释义 |
▪ I. precondition, n.|priːkənˈdɪʃən|
[f. pre- A. 2 + condition n.]
A prior condition; a condition required to be fulfilled beforehand; a preliminary or precedent stipulation; a pre-requisite.
1825Coleridge Aids Refl. (1848) I. 36 The ground-work and pre-condition of the spiritual state, in which the humanity strives after godliness. 1851De Quincey Ld. Carlisle on Pope Wks. 1859 XIII. 19 Absolute truth and simplicity are demanded by all of us as preconditions to any sympathy with moral expressions of anger or intolerance. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant. i. 165 The idea of God is the precondition of all thought and being. 1912A. H. Powles tr. Bernhardi's Germany & Next War 4 The conscious increase of our armaments is not an inevitable evil, but the most necessary precondition of our national health. 1923J. W. Harvey tr. Otto's Idea of Holy xi. 86 It sheds a colour..upon the life and practice that are its precondition. 1948Sunday Pictorial 18 July 7/6 He cannot accept the lifting of the blockade as a precondition. 1974tr. Wertheim's Evolution & Revolution 211 Among the psychological preconditions for a revolution..one should include a feeling among relatively large groups that avenues towards emancipation are consistently blocked.
▪ II. preconˈdition, v.
[pre- A. 1.]
trans. To bring into a desired state or condition beforehand. Hence preconˈditioned ppl. a., preconˈditioning ppl. a. and vbl. n.
1922Joyce Ulysses 494 Self which it itself was ineluctably preconditioned to become. 1961L. P. V. Johnson In Time of Thetans vii. 54 Second stage. Bringing reverence and servility to preconditioned humanity. 1967Jrnl. Compar. & Physiol. Psychol. LXIV. 360 Significantly greater CERs..were shown by the preconditioned groups than by control groups. Ibid. 360/1 Sensory preconditioning (SPC) involves the pairing of two neutral stimuli, S1 and S2. Following this procedure a response is conditioned to S2. 1969Jane's Freight Containers 1968–69 420/3 The fibre-board unit load device should be preconditioned for 48 hours under these conditions prior to testing. 1971Homes & Gardens Aug. 19 Frying pans and baking tins should then be lightly greased with oil or cooking fat to pre-condition the non-stick coating. 1974Psychol. Abstr. LI. 572/2 The strength of resultant saccharin aversions was inversely related to preconditioning saccharin familiarity. |