| 释义 |
‖ pozzolana, pozzuolana|pottso-, pottswoˈlana|
Also 8 puzzolane; 8–9 pouzzo-, puzzolana, 9 pozzo-, puzzolano, puozzo-, puzzuolana. Now also anglicized as pozzolan (pozzulan, puzzolan).
[It. pozz(u)olana, prop. adj. (sc. terra earth) ‘belonging to Pozzuoli’ (L. Puteolī little springs) a town near Naples; whence F. pouzzolane, by which some of the Eng. spellings are affected.]
A volcanic ash, containing silica, alumina, lime, etc., found near Pozzuoli, and in the neighbourhood of various volcanoes, much used in the preparation of hydraulic cement. Also, used as the name of similar artificial preparations. pozzolan cement, a cement made from natural or artificial pozzolan, lime, and water.
1706Phillips, Pozzolana, a kind of Sand found in the Territory of Pozzuolo near..Naples. 1777Hamilton in Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 6 They grind down this sort of stone..into a powder, which they use as a puzzolane for all their buildings under water. 1791Smeaton Edystone L. §185. 111 The two substances of so much consequence in water building; viz. Tarras and Puzzolana. 1818E. Henderson Iceland xii. II. 121 A yellowish alluvial formation resembling the tuffas or puzzuolana of Iceland. 1842Mech. Mag. XXXVI. 294 The clays used in the fabrication of certain pouzzolanas. 1900Q. Rev. Jan. 33 Rome is built, one may say, of pozzolana. 1907Chem. Abstr. I. 1078 (heading) Process of manufacturing limes, cements, and puzzolans. 1947R. H. Bogue Chem. of Portland Cement xxix. 520 Only when the chemical action is completely understood will it be possible to design a ‘pozzolan’ of ideal composition for any particular purpose. 1951Econ. Geol. XLVI. 311 Pozzolans are natural and artificial siliceous and aluminous substances which are not cementitious themselves but which react with lime in the presence of water at atmospheric temperatures to produce cementitious compounds.
attrib.1794Sullivan View Nat. II. 190 The catacombs of Rome are hollowed in a sort of puzzolana earth, of a brown violet colour. 1799Kirwan Geol. Ess. 45 Tartar in hogsheads of wine, and pouzzolana mortar. 1910Engineering News LXIV. 597/2 The mixed Portland cement and puzzolan-cement is superior to Portland cement. 1918R. Peele Mining Engineers' Handbk. xliii. 2217 Pozzulan cement proper is made by grinding hydrated lime and pozzulan, a volcanic material occurring near Naples. 1971Materials & Technol. II. ii. 106 Pozzolan cement is made by grinding together a cement (usually Portland cement) and a powdered siliceous material.
Hence pozzoˈlanic a., of the nature of or containing pozzolana; hence also ˌpozzolaˈnicity, the property of combining with lime in the presence of water to form a cement.
1829Glover's Hist. Derby I. 85 There is also pozolanic or watery limestone. 1927F. L. Brady Introd. Building Sci. xxi. 241 Mortars are used in England at the present day, which set by pozzolanic action. 1956Proc. Inst. Electr. Engin. CIII. a. 225/1 Pulverized fuel fly ash from our power stations..has the pozzolanic property of setting with lime under water. 1960B.S.I. News Jan. 15 ‘Pozzolanic portland cements’ may contain up to twenty per cent. pozzolana but need not pass the test for pozzolanicity. 1972Daily Tel. 29 Apr. 17 (Advt.), Manufacturers of pozzolanic cements and grouts. |