| 释义 |
ˈpowdike, ˈpodike local.
Forms: 3–5 pokediche, -dike, -dyke; 6–8 powdyke, -dike, 7 poedike, 7–8 podike.
[First element originally poke: origin unascertained; the second is dike n.1, sense 5 or 7, or ditch n. 4, an earthen bank.]
The name of an ancient dike or embankment raised to keep the fen waters out of Marshland, in the part of Norfolk west of the Great Ouse; also of a later work, the new powdike, constructed further to the south for the same purpose.
The old powdike was raised c 1223; it ran from W. to E. separating Marshland from Bardolph Fen. The new powdike was begun in 1423; it ran along the north brink of Well Creek, forming the southern boundary of Stow and Downham Fen. There was also a little powdike, at the west end of the old powdike. See the Map in Dugdale Hist. Imbanking & Drayning, 1662, 1772, xlvi.
1293Pat. 21 Edw. I m. 10 (P.R.O.) Forsatum quod vocatur Pokediche.. ab antiquo levatum..pro defensione et salvacione partium ipsarum contra aquarum inundaciones. 1350Pat. 23 Edw. III, pt. 1 m. 29 d, Fossatum vocatum Pokedyk in Merssheland in com. Norf. 1423(in Dugdale, as above) Pokediche, Pokedyke. 1530–1Act. 22 Hen. VIII, c. 11 Dyvers evyll dysposed personnes..maliciously at dyverse..times hathe..broken vp dyvers parties of the Dyke called the newe Powdyke in Marsheland in the Countie of Norfolke, and the brokyn Dyke other wyse called Old feld Dyke by Marsheland, in the Ile of Elye. 1662Dugdale Hist. Imbanking, etc. xlvi. 245/1 Upon this occasion, by a common consent amongst them, was the old Podike first raised, about the year mccxxiii (7 Hen. 3). Ibid., The said Bank called Podike. Ibid. 264 (Margin, The making of the new Pow dike, 1 Hen. 6, 12 April) That there should be another Wall or Bank made new on the North side of Salterys lode brink, by all the Land⁓holders throughout Marshland. 1762Gentl. Mag. 237 The old podike, the defensive bank to the country of Marshland in Norfolk, against foreign waters, was cut through by persons unknown. 1769Blackstone Comm. IV. xvii. 245 By statute 22 Hen. VIII. c. 11. perversely and maliciously to cut down or destroy the powdike, in the fens of Norfolk and Ely, is felony. |