| 释义 |
▪ I. popple, n.1 Now dial. and U.S.|ˈpɒp(ə)l|
Forms: (1 popul), 4–6 popil, 5 -ille, -ul(e, 5–6 -ill, -yl(l, 6–8 pople, (8 popel), 7– popple, (9 dial. poople).
[Late OE. popul-, ME. popul ad. L. pōpulus poplar; with ME. popil, 16th c. pople, cf. obs. and dial. F. pouple, F. peuple. So MHG. papel, popel, Du., LG., Ger. pappel, Sw., Dan. poppel, all ultimately from L.]
a. = poplar.
[a1000(MS. 12th c.) in Kemble Ced. Dipl. III. 219 Of ðam ellene to populfiniᵹe; of populfiniᵹe to Lambhyrste.] 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 57 The oliue, the popil, & the oszer tree. 1617Moryson Itin. iii. 110 The Cypresse, Pople, and Oake trees, grow in many places. 1699Providence (R.I.) Rec. (1893) IV. 183 A small bush being an Aspe or Pople. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Popple, a poplar tree. 1840Spurdens Suppl. Voc. E. Anglia, Poople, the poplar tree. 1879A. S. Packard in Hist. Bowdoin College (1882) 91 Popple, or bass, or white maple.
b. esp. in attrib. use, as popple tree, etc.
1382Wyclif Gen. xxx. 37 Jacob takynge green popil ȝerdis [1388 ȝerdis of popeleris], and of almanders, and of planes. 1431–2in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) II. 446 Pro popill bord pro coopertoriis studiorum xv8. c1440Promp. Parv. 409/1 Popul tre, idem quod poplere. 1530Palsgr. 256/2 Popyll tree, pevplier. 1563T. Gale Antidot. ii. 15 The Pople buddes must bee broused. 1740Dudley Rec. Mass. (1893) I. 86 From thense..to a popel stump with a heap of stones about it. 1789Ibid. (1894) II. 318 Thence by Browns Line on Whitfords Land to a Popple Tree. 1910S. E. White Rules of Game xii. 66 The remains of the forest, overgrown with scrub oak and popple thickets, pushed down to the right-of-way.
▪ II. popple, n.2 Now local.|ˈpəʊp(ə)l|
Forms: 5 popil, -yl, -ylle, ulle, 6 pople, Sc. poppill, 7– popple, (9 dial. poppel, Sc. papple).
[Late ME.; origin and etymology uncertain.
A mediæval Lat.-Gr. Vocabulary quoted by Du Cange has ‘populia, λύχνις’; but although cockle is now placed in the genus Lychnis, it is very doubtful whether this is connected with popple. Cockle (cocle, kokkel) and popple (poppel) have the appearance of parallel forms with exchange of consonants. On the other hand, this plant appears to have been sometimes included under the name popy (see poppy 2), and conversely the name popple is now in some districts (esp. Cumbria and Yorkshire) applied to the corn poppy; so that the names may possibly have been originally related, popil being a derivative either of popi, popy, or of one of the Romanic representatives of papaver: see poppy. But further evidence is wanted.]
1. = cockle n.1 1, i.e. the wild plant Lychnis (or Agrostemma) Githago, a well-known field weed.
c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 664/30 Hoc lollium, populle. 1483Cath. Angl. 286/2 Popylle, gith indeclinabile, lollium, nigella. 1538Turner Libellus, Githago siue Nigellastrvm,..herba illa procera, que in tritico flauescente existit..uulgus appellat Coccle ant pople. 1853Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XIV. ii. 304 It was difficult to find a sample-bag of wheat without papple. 1868Atkinson Cleveland Gloss., Popple, the common Corn Cockle. 1877N.W. Linc. Gloss., Popple, corn-cockle..the seeds of which are difficult to separate from or ‘dress out’ of the grain when thrashed.
b. Popple or cockle, being erroneously confounded by early herbalists with Nigella, and so with the lolium of Pliny and zizania of the Vulgate, was taken metaphorically for the darnel or ‘tares’ sown by the Evil One among the wheat: see cockle n.1 2, darnel.
a1532Will. of Thorpe's Exam. in Foxe A. & M. (1563) 167/1 Thy deceit whiche thou hast learned of them that trauell to sowe popill among the wheate. a1568in Bannatyne Poems (Hunter. Cl.) 220 Thus weidit is the poppill fra the corne. 1644Maxwell Prerog. Chr. Kings 72 It sprang not up till..that malicious one did sow popple among the good Wheat of Christ's field.
2. Extended locally to other field weeds and their seeds; esp. the corn poppy, and charlock.
1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Popple, the wild red poppy of the corn fields. (So in Eng. Dial. Dict. Cumberland and Yorksh.)1878Cumbld. Gloss. Pref. 19 Brassica, the seeds of the tribe are called Popple. 1886Britten & H. Plant-n., Popple..(2) Sinapis arvensis, Cumb.
▪ III. popple, n.3|ˈpɒp(ə)l|
Also 4 pople.
[Goes with popple v.]
†1. A bubble such as rises and breaks in boiling water. Obs.
a1350St. Nicholas 268 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 14 Hale and faire hir child scho fand, With þe water poples him playand. 1530Palsgr. 256/2 Popple, suche as ryseth whan water or any lycour set[h]eth fast, bovillon.
†b. ? A swelling or bulge like, or caused by, a bubble. Obs.
1635in Earl of Stirling's Reg. Roy. Lett. (1885) II. 819 He will mak a scheit of lead..more solide, less porie, and consequentlie more voyd of all cracks, holls, or popill.
2. An act or condition of ‘poppling’; a rolling or tossing of water in short tumultuous waves; a strong ripple.
1875Buckland Log-bk. 80 If there is a bit of a popple at all, a big ship will lay rolling about in the sea just like a half-tide rock. 1881Clark Russell Ocean Free Lance I. v. 252 As we neared the bay the popple grew ugly enough to demand the closest vigilance. 1897Daily News 27 Aug. 3/1 There was a very nasty roll and popple on the sea.
b. The agitation on the surface of a boiling liquid; the sound of this.
1889Spectator 7 Dec. 805/1 Cowper [after he heard] that popple from the urn which showed it to be..‘on the boil’.
▪ IV. popple, v.|ˈpɒp(ə)l|
Also 4–6 (6– Sc.) pople, 5–6 Sc. popule, 6 poppell.
[Has the form of a frequentative of pop v.1, but in sense 1 prob. an independent onomatopœic formation, expressive of sound and action. Cf. MDu., Du. popelen to murmur, babble; to quiver, throb; med.L. populāre (Franck), papellāre (Kilian) to murmur; these refer mainly to the sound, while the Eng. word refers mainly to the action.]
1. intr. To roll or tumble about, to flow in a tumbling interrupted manner, as water flowing from a spring or over a pebbly surface, or boiling, or agitated by a strong wind; to bubble up, boil up; to ripple; to toss to and fro in short waves.
13..,a1400–50[see poppling below]. 1513Douglas æneis iii. ix. 69 Quhill brane, and ene, and blude all popillit out. Ibid. vi. v. 5 Popland and bullerand furth on athir hand. 1530Palsgr. 662/2, I poppell up, as water dothe, or any other lycoure whan it boyleth faste on the fyre,..je bouillonne. 1675Cotton Scoffer Scoft 103 His Brains came poppling out like water. 1725Ramsay Gentle Sheph. ii. iii. Prol., A little fount, Where water poplin springs. 1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xviii, The bits o' bonny waves that are poppling and plashing against the rocks. 1875R. F. Burton Gorilla L. II. 90 Small trembling waves poppled and frothed in mid-stream, where the fresh water met wind and tide. 1902Cornish Naturalist Thames 10 The sound of waters dropping, poppling, splashing, trickling.
b. To move to and fro, or up and down, when floating or immersed in rippling or boiling water.
1555W. Watreman Fardle Facions xi. Q viij b, Rindles of Christalline watre. In whose botomes the grauelle, popleth like glisteryng golde. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Popple, v. to tumble about with a quick motion, as dumplins,..when the pot boils briskly. 1849Blackw. Mag. LXVI. 562 We left them poppling up and down, like a cork, in the broken water. 1881C. Phillipps-Wolley Sport in Crimea 322 The birds are rattling and poppling down in the dark little forest pools.
2. [app. freq. of pop v.1 2.] To make a continuous popping or firing.
1898G. W. Steevens With Kitchener to Khartum 81 The Maxims poppled away above them.
Hence ˈpoppling vbl. n. and ppl. a.
13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 319 Þe pure poplande hourle playes on my heued. a1400–50Alexander 1154 The wawes of þe wilde see vpon þe walle betyn, The pure populand perle passyd it vmbe. a1801R. Gall Poems (1819) 9 Upon the ear The popling Leven wimples clear. 1826Hor. Smith Tor Hill (1838) I. 6 The calm guggling and poppling of the waves as they were parted by the piles. 1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. xx. (1858) 440 A peculiar poppling noise, as if a thunder-shower was beating the surface with its multitudinous drops, rose around our boat. 1883J. Ferguson in Blackw. Mag. Aug. 248 The mother stirred the poppling porridge on the fire. |