| 释义 |
▪ I. pock, n.|pɒk|
Forms: 1 poc, 4–6 pokke, 4–8 pocke, 5 pok, 5–6 poke, 6 Sc. poik, 6– pock. Pl. 1 poccas, 4–6 pokkes, (5 pocken), 4–8 pockes, 6 pocques, 6– pocks; also 6–7 poxe, 6– pox: see pox.
[OE. poc, pocc- pustule, ulcer, = MDu., MLG. pocke (poche), Du. pok, LG. pocke, EFris. pok, pokke, HG. dial. pfoche, poche (mod.Ger. pocke from LG.). So obs. F. pocque, pokke, poxse, paucque (1400–1514 in Godef.), from LG. or Eng. These continental words are all fem.; OE. pocc was masc. (in one place app. fem.).
Kluge and Franck refer pocc, pocke to the OTeut. vbl. stem *puh(h)-, to swell up, blow up, whence also OE. pohha, pocca bag: see pocket, poke n.1]
1. A pustule or spot of eruption in any eruptive disease, esp. (since c 1700) in small-pox.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 104 Drenc wiþ poc adle wyl wæter on croccan, do huniᵹ on [etc.]. Ibid., Smire þær hit utslea on þone poc. Ibid., Drenc wiþ poccum bisceop wyrt [etc.]. Ibid. III. 4 ᵹif poc sy on eaᵹan, nim mærc, sapan..mid Godes fultume he sceal aweᵹ. c1386Chaucer Pard. Prol. 30 And it is hool anon, and forthermoor Of pokkes, and of scabbe, and euery soor. 1477Earl Rivers (Caxton) Dictes 97 He [Alexander] was of sangweyn colour, his face ful of pockis. 15..Prol. Rom. in N. Test. in Scots (S.T.S.) III. 318 Ewin as anne ewill skabbe or anne poke cann not alwayis be keipit in with the violence of medicynne. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. i. (1879) 96 It bringeth ulcerations, scab, scurf, blain, botch, pocks. a1585Montgomerie Flyting 316 The powlings, the palsay, with pockes like pees. 1706Phillips, Pock, a Scab of the Small-Pox. 1720Becket in Phil. Trans. XXXI. 56 Having great Pockes or Pustules on the Surface of their Bodies, from whence the Pox is denominated. 1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) IV. 40 A few of the pock appeared on his face. 1877Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 150 The number of spots or ‘pocks’ varies from a few to thousands, but as a rule from 100 to 300 are present. 1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 559 With the retrogression of the pock and the subsidence of the areola the local phenomena of a normal vaccination are at an end.
b. transf. A spot or mark like a pustule.
1894Doyle Mem. S. Holmes 99 Holmes..would..proceed to adorn the opposite wall with a patriotic V.R. done in bullet-pocks.
2. A disease characterized by pustules or eruptive spots; esp. (a) small-pox; (b) ‘great (French or Spanish) pox’, syphilis: = pox n. 1 b, e.
α. in pl. Now written pox. (Rarely construed with vb. in singular.)
c1325Gloss. W. de Bibbesw. in Wright Voc. 161 Viroles, pockes. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xx. 97 Kynde come after with many kene sores, As pokkes and pestilences, and moche poeple shente. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. vii. (1520) 127 b/1 Also that tyme a sekenes that men call the pockes slewe bothe men and women thrugh theyr infectynge. 1500–20Dunbar Poems lv. 30 Quhill that thai gatt the Spanȝie pockis. 1518Pace Let. Wolsey 14 July (Cal. State Papers Hen. VIII), They do die..of the small pokkes and measels. 1529S. Fish Supplic. Beggers 6 They..that catche the pokkes of one woman, and bere theym to an other. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 190 Item that he hauing the Frenche pockes presumed to come and breth on the kyng. 1552Ordre Hosp. St. Barthol. Pref. A v, This Hospital..where..there haue bene healed of the pocques, fystules..to nombre of .viij. hundred. 1615Sandys Trav. 109 The pocks is vncredibly frequent amongst them. 1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 481 The disease of the Spanish Pocks.
β. in sing. Now dial. or vulgar.
14..Stockh. Med. MS. i. 461 in Anglia XVIII. 306 Seint Nicasse had a pokke small. c1440Promp. Parv. 407/2 Pokke, sekenesse, porrigo. 1530Tindale Answ. Sir T. More, etc. (Parker Soc., 1850) 105 If God punish the world with an evil pock, they immediately paint a block and call it Job, to heal the disease. 1530Palsgr. 256/1 Pocke a great pocke, la gorre, la grosse uerolle. Pocke a small, uerolle. 1593G. Harvey Pierce's Super. Wks. (Grosart) II. 52 Would it were not an infectious bane, or an incroching pocke. 1845S. Judd Margaret ii. v. (1881) 264 Glad you got through the pock so well—it takes a second time, some say. 1851Mayhew Lond. Labour I. 405/2 As soon as ever the pock began to decay, it took away my eyes altogether.
†b. fig. (sing.) Obs.
1545Brinklow Compl. 32 The same pock that was in the clargys wyne and clothes, hath so infected the gentylmen of the temporaltye. 1555Eden Decades Pref. (Arb.) 52 Hathe not the pocke of thy licentiousnesse bruste furth in maner to thyne owne destruction? 1607R. C[arew] tr. Estienne's World of Wonders A iij b, Neither can the waters..be cured of their spirituall barrennesse, or of the Romish pock and ægyptian scab.
†c. In imprecation or exclamation: see pox n. 3. Obs.
†3. sing. and pl. A disease of sheep: = pox n. 1 c. Obs.
1531Tindale Exp. 1 John (1537) 30 Who dare deny saynt Anthony a flese of wol..leste he sende the pockes amonge our shepe. 1548Elyot, Mentigo, the scabbe which is among shepe, called the pockes [1552 Huloet, pocke].
4. attrib. and Comb., as pock-arr (dial.), -frecken, -fret, -hole, a scar, mark, or ‘pit’ left by a pustule, esp. of small-pox; pock-arred (dial.), -broken, -eaten, -frecken, -freckled, -fret, -fretted (-fretten), -holed, -pitted (-pitten) adjs., scarred, marked, or ‘pitted’ with pustules, esp. of small-pox; † pock-break, (?) a breaking out or marking due to some form of pox; pock-house (U.S. dial.), a small-pox hospital; pock-lymph, the lymph of cow-pox, as used in vaccination; pock-pit v. trans., to ‘pit’ or mark with pustules (in quot. fig.); † pock-royal, satirical name for a pustule of the ‘great pox’; pock-sore, a sore caused by a pustule, or by the pox; † pocks-rotten a.: see pox n. 4; pock-stone, local name for a hard greyish stone found in the Staffordshire coal-measures: see also pox-stone (pox n.); † pock-tree: see pockwood.
1611Cotgr., Fossetteux,..full of little pits, *pockars, or pock-holes. 1655,1691[see arr]. 1828Craven Gloss. (ed. 2), Pock-arr, Pock-mark, a scar or mark left by the small pox.
1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., *Pock-arred,..pitted with the small-pox. [See also Eng. Dial. Dict.]
a1568Montgomerie Misc. Poems liv. 2 Fyndlay McConnoquhy, fuf McFadȝan, Cativilie geilȝie with ye *poik⁓braik.
c1440Promp. Parv. 407/2 *Pokbrokyn, porriginosus. 1662W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. verse 17. ii. xxv. §4 (1679) 322/1 What a beauty Man was, till he was pock⁓broken (if I may say so) by sin. 1862Borrow Wild Wales xxxvii, His face was long and rather good-looking, though slightly pock-broken.
a1550Hye Way Spyttel Hous 112 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 28 Scabby and scuruy, *pocke eaten flesh and rynde.
1530Palsgr. 256/1 *Poke frekyns, picquetevre or picquottevre de uerolle. 1695Lond. Gaz. No. 3134/4 Mary Scarlet,..thin visage, swarthy complexion, pock frecken.
1714Ibid. No. 5223/4 A spare middle-siz'd Man, *Pockfreckled and Ruddy Complexion.
1731Medley tr. Kolben's Cape G. Hope II. 198 Several hairs would remain in the *pock-frets.
1744Boston Post-Boy 1 Oct. 4/2 Byrn..looks pale and *pockfret.
1693Lond. Gaz. No. 2843/4 Pale-faced, and a little *Pock-fretted.
c1640R. James Poems (1880) 213 A Virginne..proper of all things but a pale *pock fretten face. 1840F. Trollope Widow Married i, A deal better chance that your child will be like what you see there, than to poor pock-fretten Phebe.
1552Huloet, *Pocke hole or scarre. 1676Lond. Gaz. No. 1145/4 A full set Woman with Pockholes in her face. 1708Ibid. No. 4487/3 Having a thin pockhole Face.
1682Ibid. No. 1722/4 He is a little broad Man, *Pock⁓holed.
1845S. Judd Margaret ii. v, A *Pock House was established,..and a general beating up for patients was had throughout the region.
1881Tyndall Floating Matter of Air 119 A quantity of matter, comparable in smallness to the *pock-lymph held on the point of a lancet.
1843Blackw. Mag. LIII. 225 It becomes a plague, a moral small-pox,..*pockpitting his small modicum of brains.
1862Mayhew Lond. Labour II. 332 He was under the middle size, *pockpitted.
1864Tennyson Aylmer's F. 256 Did Sir Aylmer know That great *pock-pitten fellow had been caught?
1694Motteux Rabelais v. v, Embroider'd o'er the Phiz with Carbuncles, Pushes, and *Pockroyals.
1643Prynne Sov. Power Parl. iii. 89 Neither must the Chyrurgion dresse their wounds, or *pock-soars.
1902C. G. Harper Holyhead Road ii. 33 (Wednesbury) Those foundations have an unusual interest, built as they are of the material called ‘*pockstone’.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 914/3 The *pocke tre, gaiaqz ou eban.
▪ II. pock, v.|pɒk|
[f. pock n.]
trans. To mark with pocks, or (fig.) with disfiguring spots. Chiefly as pa. pple. or ppl. adj.
1841Murray Let. in Smiles Mem. (1891) II. xxxv. 474 Houses..literally peppered and pocked from top to bottom with shot-marks. 1869Blackmore Lorna D. lix, This tufty flaggy ground, pocked with bogs and boglets. 1889Lancet 29 June 1314/1 The posterior parts of both lungs were pocked with tubercle in the softening stage. 1938Proc. Prehist. Soc. IV. 246 The chief tombs which exhibit incised & pocked designs on their walls & roofs are New Grange, Dowth, & those at Lochcrew. 1977Time 31 Jan. 42/1 On went a coat of Viacryl, a synthetic polyurethane resin meant to protect the pocked and flawed surface of the 800-year-old glass.
Add: Hence ˈpocking vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1931E. Linklater Juan in Amer. i. 24 All had so far escaped the pocking which was their due, and Dr Jenner was not too well pleased. 1958‘W. Henry’ Seven Men at Mimbres Springs xv. 181 There was the same split-second pause between the acrid blast of the black powder and the pocking spatter of the shot getting home fifteen yards out. 1982Sci. Amer. Jan. 81/3 The prevalence of small craters suggests the pocking of a landscape by the ejecta from the impacts of larger projectiles.
▪ III. pock
variant Sc. spelling of poke, bag. |