| 释义 |
plenary, a. (n.)|ˈpliːnərɪ|
Also 6 -ari, 6–7 -arie, 7 -iary.
[ad. late L. plēnāri-us complete (plenarium, consilium, 4th c. in Augustine Ep. xliii), f. plēn-us: see plenar and -ary1.]
A. adj.
1. Complete, entire, perfect, not deficient in any element or respect; = full a. 7; absolute, unqualified: as plenary indulgence, plenary power, plenary remission. plenary inspiration: see inspiration.
1517R. Torkington Pilgr. (1884) 31 And ther ys Plenarie Remission. 1532–3Act 24 Hen. VIII, c. 12 §1 One supreme head and kynge..institute and furnisshed..with plenari, whole, and entier power. 1630Prynne Anti-Armin. 94, I shall adde the concurrent, plenary, and copious attestation of Mr. William Tyndall. 1652Earl of Monmouth tr. Bentivoglio's Hist. Relat. 161 Hee assured him..of a plenary pardon for all that was past. 1675tr. Machiavelli's Prince (Rtldg. 1883) 245 The Pope might be supplicated..for a plenary indulgence. 1877Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. v. 53 A legate..sent with plenary powers to hear the cause.
2. Of an assembly, etc.: Composed of all the members: fully constituted, fully attended: = plenar 1.
1532Festivall 191 b, In eche quarter of the yere ones, whan the people is moost plenary in holy chyrche. 1614T. Adams in Spurgeon Treas. Dav. Ps. ii. 12 Lord grant..that we may come to the plenary wedding supper hereafter. 1646Bp. Maxwell Burd. Issach. 48 The next plenarie Generall Assembly may derogare, abrogare, obrogare, &c. 1662Gunning Lent Fast 62 Those things..are retained..from plenary, (i.e. general) councils. 1855Milman Lat. Chr. ix. v. (1864) V. 290 The King sullenly consented to convoke a plenary Court of his nobles. 1885Daily Chron. 12 Sept. 5/4 Both the sittings were plenary, that is, consisted of the members of all the sections and subsections. 1894Daily News 27 June 5/6 A caucus or plenary meeting of the Democratic groups of the Senate and the Chamber was held.
3. Possessing full powers or authority. rare.
1861Sat. Rev. 30 Nov. 547 International law would be a nullity if every commander of a man-of-war were to constitute himself in the first instance a plenary judge, and condemn as contraband whatever he might like to seize on.
4. Law. See quot. 1848.
1726Ayliffe Parergon 152 The Cause is hereby made a Plenary Cause, and ought to be determin'd Plenarily. 1848Wharton Law Lex., Plenary, full, complete; an ordinary proceeding through all its gradations; opposed to summary.
B. ellipt. as n.
1. = Plenary indulgence. rare.
1826Southey Vind. Eccl. Angl. 496 A plenary may be gained every first Sunday of the month for confessing and communicating.
2. in plenary: of an assembly, etc.: fully constituted or attended.
1969D. Widgery in Cockburn & Blackburn Student Power 122 The infrequency of Council Sessions..and its unwieldy size in plenary means that the Executive alone takes the fundamental decisions about policy implementation and initiation.
3. Anglicized form of plenarium.
1909Encycl. Relig. & Ethics II. 609/1 There were the select passages for Sunday in the so-called Plenaries, Postils, and Books of the Gospels and the Epistles. 1920M. Deanesly Lollard Bible xii. 318 Of the three late fourteenth century English ‘plenaries’, or gospels and homilies, one is certainly Wycliffite.
⁋The sense ‘Decisive procedure’, given by Johnson, and copied in later Dicts., is without foundation. In the quot. which J. cites from Ayliffe Parergon 301 ‘Institution without induction does not make a plenary against the king, where he has a title to present’, plenary is a misprint for plenarty, which Ayliffe has in the correct spelling on the same page and elsewhere; cf. quot. 1791 in plenarty 1.
Add:[A.] [2.] Freq. in plenary session.
1931Nature 10 Oct. 644/2 At the final plenary session of the Congress, this invitation was accepted. 1955Bull. Atomic Sci. June 221/2 Colonialism has never in this century been more unanimously denounced than in the made-over Dutch club where the plenary sessions were held. 1983A. Bullock Ernest Bevin i. 25 A plenary session was scheduled for ten o'clock that evening.
b. Of, presented to, or taking place at a plenary session.
1971Nature 24 Sept. 238/1 A balanced selection of topics over the wide field of acoustics had been chosen for the invited fourteen plenary one-hour lectures. 1976Archivum Linguisticum VII. 154 This phase was turned into a key concept in C. A. Ferguson's plenary paper ‘Sociolinguistic research and practical applications’ at a recent conference on applied linguistics. 1976CRC Jrnl. July 17/3 In addition to plenary discussion, smaller working groups considered education and youth, self-help, cultural groups, funding and the mechanics of starting a group.
[B.] [2.] For def. read: Short for ‘plenary session’; in plenary: of an assembly, etc., fully constituted or attended, in plenary session.
1975New Yorker 26 May 66/3 In his speech to the conference plenary he appeared to be struggling to define the conditions. 1977Undercurrents June–July 5/2 Each group of ten or twenty had elected a ‘spokesperson’ who met in plenary with other ‘spokespeople’. |