| 释义 |
platyrrhine, platyrhine, n. and a.|ˈplætɪraɪn|
[ad. mod.L. Platyrrhini (E. Geoffroy 1812, in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. XIX. 104), f. Gr. πλατύ-ς platy- + ῥίς, ῥιν- nose.]
1. a. n. Zool. A monkey belonging to the infraorder Platyrrhini of the order Primates, distinguished by a flattened nose with widely separated nostrils facing outwards and including most of the New World monkeys. b. adj. Of or pertaining to this group of monkeys.
1842Brande Dict. Sci., etc., Platyrhines,..these monkeys are peculiar to the New World. 1857Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (ed. 3) III. 565 Remains of an extinct platyrhine monkey. 1862Dana Man. Geol. 422 note, They include..the Platyrrhines, peculiar to South America, having the nostrils subterminal and wide apart. 1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. i. 74 The great armadillos, anteaters and platyrrhine apes of the caves of South America. 1894H. O. Forbes Hand-bk. Primates I. 127 The New World Monkeys..have the nose flat and the opening of their nostrils directed outwards, and the one nostril separated from the other by a broad cartilaginous septum, and they are therefore designated Platyrrhine Monkeys. 1920Proc. Zool. Soc. 91 The observations recorded in this paper are based mainly upon the Platyrrhine Monkeys that have died in the Zoological Gardens during the past ten years. 1930Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. VI. 387 In the more primitive Platyrrhines the brain is relatively small and has few sulci. 1934W. E. Le Gros Clark Early Forerunners of Man vii. 177 In the Platyrrhine monkeys the nostrils are relatively wide apart. 1957W. C. O. Hill Primates III. 91 The only platyrrhine monkey whose total musculature has been systematically studied is the Common Marmoset. 1957I. T. Sanderson Monkey Kingdom viii. 80/1 All the living New World primates used to be called the Platyrrhines. 1967J. R. & P. H. Napier Handbk. Living Primates i. 15 In the majority of Cebidæ the nostrils are wide apart (platyrrhine condition). 1978Nature 11 May 173/3 The separation between the New World monkeys (platyrrhines) and the Old World monkeys and apes (catarrhines) is an ancient one.
2. Anthropol.
a. Having the nose, or the nasal bones, flat or broad; having a nasal index of from 51 to 58.
b. as n. A platyrrhine person or skull.
1885Jrnl. R. Anthropol. Inst. XIV. 71 Nasal Index... Leptorhine 47·0 and under. Mesorhine 47·1 to 51·0. Platyrhine 51·1 to 58·0. Hyperplatyrhine 58·1 and over. 1886J. Dallas in Jrnl. Anthrop. Inst. 305 The nose is platyrrhine. 1976Lancet 25 Dec. 1394/2 The special features of the upper respiratory tract..in platyrrhine peoples.
So platyr(r)hinian |plætɪˈrɪnɪən| a. and n. = platyrrhine (in either sense); platyr(r)hiny |ˈplætɪraɪnɪ|, the condition of being platyrrhine.
1878Bartley tr. Topinard's Anthrop. ii. ii. 257 The platyrrhinians, with the nasal skeleton wide. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Platyrrhinian, platyrrhine; also, in Anthropol., having flattened, broad nasal bones... Platyrrhiny, the condition of being platyrrhinian. 1897Jrnl. Anthrop. Inst. Nov. 283 Platyrhiny, elongated narrow palate, and large teeth..are exaggerated in the Akka. 1902[see chamæconchy s.v. chamæ-]. 1957W. C. O. Hill Primates III. 85 The nasal opening in the skull gives little indication of the characteristic external platyrrhiny. 1970F. Snowden Blacks in Antiquity i. 7 The platyrrhiny of the Ethiopian, like his color and his hair, was the norm for anthropological comparisons. |