| 释义 |
▪ I. plancher, n.|ˈplɑːnʃə(r), -æ-|
Also 5 plaunchere, plawncher, 5–7 plauncher, 7 planchier, plainsher, plencher, -sher, 7–8 planchere, 8 -eer. Also with suffix-change: 5 pla(u)nchour, -e, -schour, playnchour, -shore, 6 planscheour, -seour; 5 planshar, -e, 7 planchard. See also plancier planeshear).
[a. OF. plancher, -ier (12th c. in Littré) planking, floor, ceiling, derivative of planche planch n.]
†1. A wooden plank, a board; also collectively, planking, boarding. Obs.
c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xi. 47 Ouer þis bekk lay þe tree þat þe haly Crosse was made off, for a plaunchoure to men at gang on ouer þat bekk. 1408Mem. Ripon (Surtees) III. 137 Item et in j roda planchoure emp. pro stauro, 8s. 1447–8Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 236 In xxvii de lez playnshorez empt. a1490Botoner Itin. (1778) 289 Ad metam unius plancher de arbore. 1552Huloet, Plauncher, planca. 1601Dolman La Primaud. Fr. Acad. (1618) III. 754 The Almightie laide the planchers of his high chambers amongst the waters. 1627tr. Bacon's Life & Death (1651) 8 As it is in..Beames and Planchers of Houses, which at first lay close together, but after they are dried, gave. 1720W. Gibson Diet. Horses vi. (ed. 3) 91 The floor may either be made of Planchers of Oak, or smoothly paved.
2. a. A floor (dial.) or platform (obs.) of planks or boards. Also fig.
1449Paston Lett. I. 83 They ben scarse kne hey fro the plawncher. 1587Harrison England iii. ii. (1878) ii. 16 Beares..whose skins are by custome and priuilege reserued to couer those planchers wherevpon their priests doo stand at Masse. 1587Golding De Mornay (1592) 93 The earth being as a floore or plancher to go upon. 1607Markham Caval. v. (1617) 3 Now for the Plaunchers of your Stable, they should bee of the best hart of Oke that can be gotten. 1735Phil. Trans. XLI. 543 They make a Plancher, strong enough, sometimes, to bear the Weight of whole Armies passing over the Baltic. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Plancher, a boarded floor.
†b. An upper ‘floor’ or story. Obs.
1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cccc. 695 There was nothyng but a poore hall..and aboue a smale plancher, and a ladder of vii. steppes to mount vpon. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa iii. 185 Their castles and villages are very homely built without any plancher or stories.
†c. A wooden inner roof, or ceiling, etc. Obs.
1561Hollybush Hom. Apoth. 19 Let hym..hang ouer them a..tent cloth tied to the roofe or plancher. 1621Knolles Hist. Turks 1303 The planchard was guilt, the wals enameled with flowers.
†3. = plancier. Obs.
1564–5Abp. Parker Corr. (Parker Soc.) 231 As for either chimneys or plancher to be at this time builded, for that it may amount to excessive charge, ye may spare that cost. 1613–39I. Jones in Leoni Palladio's Archit. (1742) II. 43 The Projection of the Planchere. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 101/2 Planchier is a great round out swelling, between other smaller mouldings. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 267 Corona, or Plancheer. 1728R. Morris Ess. Anc. Archit. 54 The Ovolo..is hid in the Cavity under the Planchere.
4. Anat. ‘The inferior wall or boundary of a cavity’.
1882in Ogilvie (Annandale).
5. (With pronunc. |plɑ̃ʃe| and usu. written in italic.) In France, the minimum of Treasury bills which banks are obliged to hold. Cf. floor n.1 1 c.
1957J. S. G. Wilson French Banking Struct. ii. xii. 342 Commercial bank rediscounts at the Bank of France..were to be subject to plafonds.., and the availability of loanable funds to the private sector was also to be limited by a plancher. 1962Economist 24 Nov. 813/2 The minimum ratio (plancher) of Treasury bills which banks are obliged to hold. 1964Financial Times 31 Jan. 5/6 Only those bills which the banks wish to buy above their compulsory holdings or ‘plancher’ are subject to tender. The so-called ‘maximum’..rates for ‘plancher’ holdings..remain the same.
6. Comb. † plancher-nail, a flooring-nail.
1416–67in Rogers Agric. & Prices III. 447–53. 1480–1 Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 96 mlmldc stanebrod et mlc playnchournale, xs. 1496Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 294 For iijc planschour nalis. 1515Ibid. V. 11 For thre hundreth planchour nalis, vj.s. Ibid. 12 For dur naill, planseour naill, and windo naill. 1611Rates Outward (Jam.), Nailles called plensher nailes, the thousand, iii.l. vi.s. viii.d. 1680Acc. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 42 For 500 plencher naills at 6s. the hunder.
▪ II. † ˈplancher, v. Obs.
[f. plancher n.]
trans. To floor, cover, or lay with boards; to board, plank. Hence ˈplanchered ppl. a., boarded, floored; ˈplanchering vbl. n., flooring.
1438in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) I. 11 [Carpenters are working at] plancheryng. c1440Promp. Parv. 404/1 Plawncheryd, planculatus. 1497–8Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees) 100 In le planshoryng et nalyng ibidem. 1516in Willis & Clark Cambridge (1886) II. 244 Also shall plancher all the chambers..wyth goode and abyl boorde of oke. 1563Golding Cæsar (1565) 132 b, Towres were plauncherd, and battlements and portcolyses of timber set up. 1639Horn & Rob. Gate Lang. Unl. I. §551 The inner-roof is plancherd with board, or arched. 1691Abp. Sancroft Let. in D'Oyly Life (1821) II. 16 We have a winter's work still to do..in paving and planchering..and plastering..&c. |