| 释义 |
pituitary, a. Physiol. and Anat.|pɪˈtjuːɪtərɪ|
[ad. L. pītuītārius, f. pītuīta: see prec. So F. pituitaire.]
a. Of, pertaining to, or secreting pituita or phlegm; mucous.
pituitary body, pituitary gland, † pituitary glandule, a small bilobed body attached to (and sometimes taken to include) the infundibulum at the base of the brain, partly synonymous with hypophysis 3, q.v., which has an important influence on growth and bodily functions; originally supposed to secrete the mucus of the nose; also applied to structures connected with this.
1615Crooke Body of Man 946 It containeth the Pituitary or Phlegmaticke Glandule. 1748Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. 180 That Part of the pituitary Membrane which invests the Cells of the Ossa spongiosa. 1808Barclay Muscular Motions 511 To protect the olfactory nerves and pituitary membrane from the too great or too sudden changes with respect to heat, dryness, or cold. 1825, etc. [see hypophysis 3]. 1855Holden Hum. Osteol. (1878) 78 A deep depression..termed the pituitary fossa. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Pituitary fold, the two layers of dura mater which enclose the Pituitary body. Ibid., Pituitary space, the space..in which the pituitary body appears. Pituitary stem, the Infundibulum. 1940Res. Publ. Assoc. Res. Nervous & Mental Dis. XX. 28 Together with its investing sheath consisting of portions of the lobus glandularis (pars tuberalis and part of the pars intermedia), the infundibulum or neural stalk is correctly referred to as the hypophysial or pituitary stalk. 1942O. Larsell Anat. Nervous Syst. xviii. 254 The hypophysis or pituitary body is a gland of internal secretion. 1950Sci. News XV. 132 The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which lies at the base of the brain, regulates the amounts of adrenal cortical hormones which circulate in the blood. 1954[see neurohypophysis]. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xxv. 9/2 The pituitary gland consists of four different parts... (1) Pars posterior or neurohypophysis is an outgrowth of the brain to which it is attached by the infundibulum. (2) Pars anterior is the main part of the organ and is glandular in structure. (3) Pars intermedia is rudimentary in man but is large in some vertebrates... (4) Pars tuberalis is an extension of pars anterior and encloses the infundibulum. It is also rudimentary in man. 1975J. B. Phillips Devel. Vertebr. Anat. iii. 58/1 Gonadotrophic (gonad⁓stimulating) hormones, produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (hypophysis) control the function of the gonads.
b. absol. or as n. † (a) = pituitary membrane (obs.); (b) = pituitary gland.
1845Sir W. Hamilton Metaph. I. App. 424 [The frontal sinuses] are lined with a membrane, a continuation of the pituitary. 1899Jrnl. Physiol. XXV. 89 We confirm Howell's statement that the rise of blood-pressure is produced solely by the infundibular part of the pituitary and not by the hypophysial part. 1905Brit. Med. Jrnl. 25 Feb. 415 Atrophy of the pituitary might likewise be followed by obesity. 1919[see hypophysis 3]. 1932S. Zuckerman Social Life Monkeys v. 81 In the rat, surgical removal of the pituitary stops the œstrous cycle. 1965Marshall & Hughes Physiol. Mammals ix. 232 The pituitary is situated below the hypothalamus..and is made up of two parts. The hypophysis (anterior lobe) is derived from the roof of the buccal cavity, while the infundibulum from a down growth of the fore brain makes up the posterior lobe. 1974D. & M. Webster Compar. Vertebr. Morphol. xiii. 302 The pituitary has two major components, which develop from separate tissues and grow together... The neurohypophysis is formed by a ventral growth from the hypothalamus; the adenohypophysis, by a dorsal evagination from the roof of the mouth. |