| 释义 |
▪ I. pitting, vbl. n.|ˈpɪtɪŋ|
[f. pit v. + -ing1.]
The action of the verb pit, or the result of this.
1. The action of putting into a pit, or of storing (vegetables, etc.) in pits. Also attrib.
1827H. Steuart Planter's G. (1828) 468 All treat of both the Trenching and the Pitting method. 1886Pall Mall G. 14 May 3/2 The..unanimous Report of the Ensilage Commissioners in favour of the pitting of green crops instead of converting them into hay. 1898Westm. Gaz. 14 Dec. 2/1 Then can one watch the slow pitting of the potatoes.
2. The action of setting cocks to fight, dogs to kill rats, etc., in a pit for sport.
1773Archæol (1775) III. 133 The pitting of them [cocks]..for the diversion and entertainment of man..was, as I take it, a Grecian contrivance. 1898Daily News 7 May 10/3 Rat pitting was a common amusement.
3. The digging of a pit or pits; also, the formation of a pit by subsidence of the soil.
1764Museum Rust. II. cvi. 357 This method of spreading the ashes is to be observed only in the case of pitting. 1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 340 In very dry seasons, when the moisture of the earth is very low, the fire catches the soil below and causes what is called pitting. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 965 No assurance of coal can be had without boring or pitting.
4. The formation of pits or small depressions in a surface, as on the skin by small-pox, on metal by corrosion, etc.; marking with minute hollow scars or spots; spec. in Path. the formation of a permanent impression in soft tissue by pressure; in Bot. the formation of pits on the wall of a cell or vessel (pit n.1 9 c). Also concr. a series or mass of such depressions or spots.
1665Hooke Microgr. 181 All those pittings did almost vanish. 1694Salmon Bate's Dispens. (1713) 692/1 To take away the Pittings or Marks of the Small Pox. 1835–6Todd's Cycl. Anat. I. 512/1 The pitting which is seen on making pressure on the skin. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. IV. 400/2 It appears to be necessary to treat mild steel more cautiously than iron, in order to prevent local corrosion, or ‘pitting’. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 117 The walls of the cells..are..cellulose membranes, with ordinary simple pitting. 1894Geol. Mag. Oct. 452 Slab..showing rain-pittings. 1933Forestry VII. 22 No complex forms of plate were observed with scalariform intervascular pitting. 1973H. E. Desch Timber (ed. 5) ii. 35 The pitting occurring in a cross field takes one or other of five more or less distinct forms.
5. = pit planting s.v. pit n.1 15.
1847[see notching vbl. n. 3]. 1894A. D. Webster Pract. Forestry iv. 20 The advantages of pitting over any other method of planting cannot be questioned. 1930Forestry IV. 19 The ordinarily understood pitting implies the opening of a hole 12 to 15 inches square, stirring up the under soil well, and then carefully placing the plant in the centre.
▪ II. ˈpitting, vbl. n.2 orig. U.S.
[f. pit v.2 + -ing1.]
The removal of the pit or stone from a fruit.
1916J. P. Zavalla Canning of Fruits & Vegetables 12 In California they have a special peach-pitting knife... It is known as ‘Carmichael pitting spoon’. 1924J. H. Collins Story of Canned Foods viii. 114 Stemming, peeling, slicing, coring, pitting..are done by machinery. 1957Encycl. Brit. IV. 749/2 Preparatory operations [for canning] include..pitting (cherries), soaking (dry beans, cherries).
▪ III. pitting, ppl. a. Path.|ˈpɪtɪŋ|
[f. pit v.1]
That pits (sense 5); spec. (esp. in pitting oedema) designating an oedema in which the swollen area temporarily retains any impression made in it with the fingertips, etc.
1933Endocrinology XVII. 378 There was slight pitting edema of the ankles and feet. 1948R. Greene Pract. Endocrinol. x. 3. 22 Textbooks of medicine are strangely silent about the fact that pitting œdema is almost always present in the lower part of the legs of grossly adipose patients. 1961L. Martin Clin. Endocrinol. (ed. 3) ix. 245 Frank (1931) first noticed that many women suffered in the days preceding menstruation from great mental tension, often with severe headaches and pitting œdema. 1979G. Bourne Pregnancy (rev. ed.) xii. 218 The majority of women develop pitting oedema at some stage during their pregnancy. 1987Oxf. Textbk. Med. (ed. 2) I. v. 535/2 Oedema develops, soft and pitting at first, but becoming gradually hard after a year or two. |