| 释义 |
▪ I. † reˈstore, n. Obs.
[f. the vb., perh. after OF. restor, restour, It. ristoro, med.L. restaurum.]
Restoration, restitution.
c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 6122 Seke men of heele had restore. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. v. 18 Till he had made amends, and full restore For all the damage which he had him doen afore. 1640Shirley St. Patrick i. i, Let the first use I make of their restore be To bend my knees to you. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 147 Disputes at Law, and contestations concerning a restore of the dowry.
▪ II. restore, v.1|rɪˈstɔə(r)|
Also 5 restour, -oyre, 6 Sc. -oir.
[a. OF. restorer, = It. ristorare:–L. restaurāre: see restaur v.]
1. trans. To give back, to make return or restitution of (anything previously taken away or lost).
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 10287 We esseþ..Þat þou suerie vpe þe bok clanliche to restore Holi chirche þat þou hast him binome. 1338R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 99 Roberd..bisouht þe kyng Þo fees he fro him nam, restore ageyn þat þing. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 113 Neuerþeles vnder Kenulph þe kyng it was restored to Caunterbury aȝen. c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 5653, I pray, he says, my belt restore. 1484Caxton Fables of æsop v. ix, Your helthe shalle be restored to yow. 1530Palsgr. 689/1 He shall restore hym all his goodes agayne. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 11 b, The Spaniards wil hardly at any time restore unto us again this dignitie of thempire. 1634Milton Comus 607 Ile find him out, And force him to restore his purchase back. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 212 For ev'ry Bloom his Trees in Spring afford, An Autumn Apple was by tale restor'd. 1738Wesley Hymns, Father of Mercies ii, Their Alms in Blessings on their Head A thousand-fold restore. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. 56 The law..will make Gaius restore the possession to Titius. 1821Shelley Adonais iii, Dream not that the amorous Deep Will yet restore him to the vital air. 1841Elphinstone Hist. Ind. II. 577 To restore all the forts in his possession within that tract. 1884F. Temple Relat. Relig. & Sci. iv. (1885) 121 The doctrine of Evolution restores to the science of Nature the unity which we should expect in the creation of God.
absol.c1440Jacob's Well 66 Had I restoryd, as þou tawȝtyst me, I had be sauyd to ioye. 1611Bible Isa. xlii. 22 They are for a praye, & none deliuereth; for a spoile, and none saith, Restore.
2. a. To make amends for; to compensate, to make good (loss or damage). Now rare or Obs.
13..K. Alis. 7909 Y geve..everiche knyght a thousand pound, or more, Youre harmes to restore. a1340Hampole Psalter cxlvi. 2 Restorand wiþ þaim þe fallynge of aungels. 1390Gower Conf. II. 186 Bot Crist restoreth thilke lost, And boghte it with his fleissh and blod. c1460Play Sacram. 963 Now wylle we walke by Contre & cost owr wyckyd lyuyng for to restore. 1463in Somerset Med. Wills (1901) 198 Item, that my dettes..or wronges dieuly proued be restored as may be moost to the helth of my soule. a1533Ld. Berners Huon lv. 185 Thou to restore all y⊇ domages that thou hast done him. 1596Dalrymple tr. Leslie's Hist. Scotl. i. 123 His maister receiueng the slane beist, sal restore the skaith to his nychtbour. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iii. viii. 170 Time may restore some losses.
b. To set right, repair (decay, etc.). rare.
1567Satir. Poems Reform. iii. 111 Restoir againe ȝour foule polluted fame. a1586Sidney Ps. xxvii. ix, Though fathers care..Abandon'd me, yet my decay Should be restor'd by hym above. 1657G. Starkey tr. Helmont's Vindic. To Rdr., Yet so in no long time may the Disease be restored. 1820Shelley Witch Atl. lxx, On the night when they were buried, she Restored the embalmers' ruining.
3. a. To build up again; to re-erect or reconstruct. Now spec. to repair and alter (a building) so as to bring it as nearly as possible to its original form.
1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 6508 [He] restorede abbeis, þat destrued were biuore. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xi. 42 Adrian..reparailed þe citee of Ierusalem and restored þe temple and made it new agayne. 1611Bible Dan. ix. 25 The commandement to restore and to build Ierusalem. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 3 Heer the Archangel paus'd Betwixt the world destroy'd and world restor'd. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. xx. I. 539 His liberality restored and enriched the temples of the gods. 1820Miss Mitford in L'Estrange Life (1870) II. v. 115 At Winchester, where they are restoring the cathedral. 1868A. J. Munby Diary 30 Oct. in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 258 The church..is being ‘restored’, as the phrase is. 1907G. B. Shaw Major Barbara ii. 244 He is one of the greatest of our public benefactors. He restored the cathedral at Hakington. 1920W. B. Yeats Michael Robartes & Dancer 24, I, the poet William Yeats, With old mill boards and sea-green slates, And smithy work from the Gort Forge, Restored this tower for my wife George. 1931J. Betjeman Mt. Zion 18 Look up! and how glorious He has restored the roof! 1959N. Pevsner Yorkshire: W. Riding 267 The church was restored in 1876 by Pearson.
absol.1861Ecclesiologist XXII. 311, I could multiply instances in which the French are restoring when they ought to be preserving.
b. To bring back to the original state; to improve, repair, or retouch (a thing) so as to bring it back to its original condition.
1679Evelyn Cider in Sylva 409 To restore decay'd Liquor; if flat, and vappid from a too free admission of Air. 1764Foote Mayor of G. 1, As soon as my dress is restored. 1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 154 M. Thenard, of Paris, succeeded lately in restoring a picture of Raphael d'Urbino. 1861D. Cook Paul Foster's Daughter i, Imagine, please, that the picture has been ‘restored’.
c. To reproduce or represent (something ancient, an extinct animal, etc.) in its original form.
1771Charact. in Ann. Reg. 260/2 Mr. Berenger's account of this machine, has, to use the language of the virtuosi, restored a piece of antiquity. 1836Buckland Geol. & Min. I. 204 The..discovery of skeletons, such as he had conjecturally restored from insulated bones.
d. (See quot. 1955.)
1943Amer. Speech XVIII. 304/1 Restored cereal. 1955M. Reifer Dict. New Words 177/2 Restore, v., to give back to a processed food the nutritive value it originally had.
4. a. To replace (mankind) in a state of grace; to free from the effects of sin.
a1300Cursor M. 1596 Wit his grace..Þat he suld restore man-kind with. Ibid. 19112 Be his fader sitt he sal, Til he restord haf us all. c1410Hoccleve Mother of God 87 By thee the world restored is pardee. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer, Gen. Confession, Restore thou them that be penitent. 1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 17 We suld to God, giue pryse and gloir, That sched his blude vs to restoir. 1667Milton P.L. iii. 288 In thee As from a second root shall be restor'd, As many as are restor'd. a1716South Serm. (1842) III. lxiv. 431 It ought to be owned for an eminent act of grace to restore one actually fallen.
absol.1903A. Maclaren Last Leaves 90 We may be the stronger for our sins, not because sin strengthens,..but because God restores.
b. To reinstate or replace (a person) in a former office, dignity, or estate.
to restore in blood: see blood n. 13.
c1450St. Cuthbert (Surtees) 5309 Of þair bischop, þat lange whyle had bene fra his kirke exile, Þai herde he was restorde. 1503Rolls of Parlt. VI. 526/1 To haue the said Attayndours reversed, and the same persones so attaynted, to be seuerally restored. 1530Palsgr. 689/1 His processe was almoste lost, but he is restored agayne. 1594Parsons Confer. Success ii. vii. 145 As we see that many houses attainted are restored daylie in blood, without restorement of their titles and dignities. 1656Waller Panegyr. Cromwell 82 Less pleasure take brave minds in battels won, Than in restoring such as are undone. 1817W. Selwyn Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 1017 The court refused a mandamus to restore a minister of an endowed dissenting meeting-house. 1851Hussey Papal Power i. 41 Zozimus, as it seems, restored Apiarius.
c. To bring (a person or part of the body) back to a healthy or vigorous state. Also refl.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints Prol. 118 Þai þat tynt had wittis fyffe, Þai restoryt þame allswa. 1382Wyclif Mark viii. 25 He bigan for to se, and he is restorid, so that he syȝ clerely alle thingis. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 133, I will..seche for my food no more, Ne for vitaile me to restore. c1440Alph. Tales lxxxi. 64 Þis aungell tuchyd his fute, & it was restorid agayn. 1530Palsgr. 689/1 The man is brought very lowe, he had nede to restore hym agayne. 1601Shakes. All's Well ii. iii. 154 That you are well restor'd my Lord, I'me glad. 1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 128 Having restored me with fresh egges, and anointed my feete and legges. 1729T. Cooke Tales, etc. 31 Soon as the Maid was from her Wound restor'd, Her all she yielded to her plighted Lord. 1807Wordsw. White Doe vii. 158 There may Emily restore Herself, in spots unseen before. 1838Dickens O. Twist xxxii, The quiet place, the pure air..will restore you in a few days. 1871B. Taylor Faust (1875) II. i. i. 4 Thou art whole; let faith restore thee!
absol.1694Salmon Bate's Dispens. (1713) 269/1 It admirably restores in Consumptions, and eases Pains in any Part of the Body, whether inward or outward.
d. To bring back to mental calm. Now rare.
1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. lxxix. 163 The king..remained so ill contented, that..for a good while after, he could not restore himself. 1617Moryson Itin. i. 159, I was much astonished at this accident, till I was restored by vnderstanding this happie euent. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 671 Th' unhappy Husband..sought, his mournful Mind with Musick to restore. 1697― Past. vii. 55 Come charm thy Shepherd, and restore my Soul. 1867M. Arnold Switzerland, Ah! calm me, restore me; And dry up my tears.
5. a. To renew; to set up or bring into existence again; to re-establish, bring back into use, etc.
a1300Cursor M. 1658 Wit þine oxspring..i haue mynt Restore þe werld þat sal be tint. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xi. 253 After that bitter barke..Is a kirnelle of conforte, kynde to restore. c1400Destr. Troy 5885 The cuntre-men..restoret the stithe fight stuernly agayn. c1450Holland Howlat 658 The stern Empriouris style thus staitly restord is. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Luke 162 The same bodye to bee restored again by the power of god at the resurreccion. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 13 b, He restored Thempire that was ful weak. 1611Bible 2 Kings xiv. 25 Hee restored the coast of Israel, from the entring of Hamath, vnto the sea of the plaine. 1672–5T. Comber Comp. Temple (1702) 148 With this..the true Reformed Religion of the Church of England was restored. 1718Free-thinker No. 90. 249 Being wearied with Change,..They restored the Ancient Form. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xxvii. (1787) III. 68 The loss of armies..ineffectually solicited the successors of Gratian to restore the helmets and cuirasses of the infantry. 1820Irving Sketch Bk. I. 83 It was with great difficulty that the self-important man in the cocked hat restored order. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 176 To bring in a bill, which..should restore the Star Chamber and the High Commission.
b. refl. To return to the original position.
1656tr. Hobbes' Elem. Philos. (1839) 211 A body..is said to restore itself, when..the parts which were moved do..return every one into its own place. a1774Goldsm. Surv. Exp. Philos. (1776) II. 87 Some have compared the air to watch springs or hoops, which coiled up by pressure, restore themselves again. 1835Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 4) ii. xix. II. 380 The part of the earth that is first raised, being bent from its natural form, will endeavour to restore itself by its elasticity.
c. To replace or insert (words or letters which are missing or illegible in a text).
1855C. Badham Plato's Philebus 27 note, It is so probable that ση was lost in consequence of its nearness to η, and it seems so necessary for the sense, that I have restored it conjecturally.
6. a. To bring back (a person or thing) to a previous, original, or normal condition.
a1340Hampole Psalter cl. i, He restorid þaim til his ymage. 1390Gower Conf. III. 254 The colour, which erst was pale, To Beaute thanne was restored. c1440Lydg. Hors, Shepe & G. 389 It..Dede synnewis restorith a-geyn to live. 1515Barclay Egloges iii. (1570) C j b/2 Then his olde fauour did them agayne restore To greater pleasour. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. VII, 34 b, In conclusion,..the kynge..restored them to their libertie. 1624Ussher in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 131 When it shall please God to restore me to my health. 1686tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 130 My Comrade, whom I found restoring to order the confusion which those Robbers had made. 1727–38Chambers Cycl. s.v. Revivification, Resuscitation, in chemistry, [is] the art of restoring a mixed body to its first state. 1771Encycl. Brit. II. 479/1 It will not be at rest..till it be restored to its original equality. 1822Shelley tr. Calderon's Mag. Prodig. i. 239 Thou canst not Restore it to the slumber of the scabbard. 1840Dickens Old C. Shop xlvi, He..endeavoured, by such simple means as occurred to him, to restore her to herself. 1882Med. Temp. Jrnl. L. 79 The application of faradic electricity quickly restored the patient to consciousness.
absol.c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋238 Contricion..restorith to alle goodes espiritueles.
b. To grant to or obtain for (a person) reinstatement to former rank, office, or possessions.
a1533Ld. Berners Huon lxxxi. 251 It is reason that Huon be restoryd to all his londes. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 19 b, [He] restored the Cardinals to theyr former dignitie. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa v. 239 By the Kings aide he was restored to his former gouernment. 1671Milton P.R. iii. 381 These if from servitude thou shalt restore To thir inheritance. 1776Gibbon Decl. & F. xvi. I. 540 The innocent were restored to their rank and fortunes. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ii. I. 176 The Bishops were restored to their seats in the Upper House. 1877Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. ix. 93 By the terms of the peace..the archbishop was to be restored to his estates and dignity.
c. To take or put back into, to convey or hand back to, a place.
c1450Holland Howlat 532 Thai maid it hame be restord In to Scotland. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 93 b, The drone bees desyre to be restored into the hyve. 1703Maundrell Journ. Jerus. (1732) 145 We were restor'd all in safety to our respective Habitations. 1860Tennyson Tithonus 72 Release me, and restore me to the ground.
†7. To recompense or compensate (a person). Const. of the damage or wrong. Obs. rare.
c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 4552 To comen ageyn he gaf hem fre,..& restored þeym of here damage. 1461Paston Lett. II. 48 Thei shall be restorid ayen of such wrongs as thei have had be Sir Philip Wentworth.
†8. To store; to stock (again). Obs. rare.
c1350Will. Palerne 2846 A park as it were, þat whilom wiþ wilde bestes was wel restored. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 14574 Euery man his tentis restoris Off mete & drynke & other store, Wel better than thei were ore.
†9. intr. To recover, revive. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 10399 His strenkith restoris stithly agayn, And he fore to þe fight with a fell wyll. c1550Sir D. Lyndesay (MS.), Scho..garris the blude skayle vpone hir birdis, quhairthrow thai restoir and turnis to lyf agane.
Hence reˈstored ppl. a.
1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. II. 257 The first sounds that strike upon restored reason. 1836Buckland Geol. & Min. II. 19 Four species of fossil animals, whose restored figures are given in the last Plate. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. III. 359 The restored unity of Latin Christendom. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xvi. III. 701 A grateful affection such as the restored Jews had felt for the heathen Cyrus. |