| 释义 |
photolysis|fəʊˈtɒlɪsɪs|
[f. photo- 1 + Gr. λύσ-ις loosening: cf. electrolysis.]
1. Bot. General term for the movements of protoplasm (esp. that containing chlorophyll-granules) under the influence of light, distinguished as apostrophe epistrophe.
2. Chem. Decomposition or dissociation of molecules by the action of light; flash photolysis; see flash n.2 14 b.
1911Chem. Abstr. V. 1705 When the action is prolonged the decomp[osition] products may also undergo a partial photolysis. 1938Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. CLXIV. 151 (heading) The theory of the photolysis of silver bromide and the photographic latent image. 1955Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. LXXVII. 6457/2 Most of the photolyses were carried out at room temperature. 1965New Scientist 29 Apr. 291/1 Fission of the molecule (photolysis) occurs. 1972R. A. Jackson Mechanism iv. 61 Radicals may be introduced into reaction systems by photolysis or pyrolysis of a suitable molecule.
Hence photoˈlytic a., produced by or being photolysis; photoˈlytically adv.
1934Webster, Photolytic. 1938Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. CLXIV. 151 (heading) Direct photolytic reduction of silver halides. 1946Nature 7 Sept. 345/1 Both the reducing hydrogen and the hydroxyl radicals were supposed to be photolytic products of water. 1951Sci. News XXII. 78 Carbon dioxide is not directly reduced to formaldehyde by the photolytically produced hydrogen. 1970Photochem. & Photobiol. XII. 228 One is led to the conclusion that the chemically reactive intermediate in these photolytic systems is 3SO2. 1977I. M. Campbell Energy & Atmosphere viii. 227 It..allows nitrogen dioxide to be photolytically dissociated within the troposphere. |