| 释义 |
phosphorylation Biochem.|ˌfɒsfɒrɪˈleɪʃən|
[f. as prec. + -ation.]
The introduction of a phosphate group into an organic molecule.
1925Chem. Abstr. XIX. 3278 Dry yeast..did cause the formation of phosphoric ester with glucose. Slight phosphorylation occurred with yeast ext. 1931[see dephosphorylation]. 1960Radio Times 22 Jan. 38/4 From the latest work it appears that the capacity to transform the light energy absorbed by chlorophyll into the energy of phosphate bonds (photosynthetic phosphorylation) is its unique feature. 1962H. A. Krebs in A. Pirie Lens Metabolism Rel. Cataract 351 Owing to the obligatory coupling between the electron transport from substrate to oxygen and oxidative phosphorylation, oxidations cannot take place unless ADP and phosphate are available. 1973R. G. Krueger et al. Introd. Microbiol. viii. 254/2 Let us..consider the mechanism of the electron transport system and of oxidative phosphorylation. The cell uses these mechanisms to capture energy from reduced coenzymes (NADH and NADPH) to store in ATP.
So phosˈphorylate v. trans., to introduce a phosphate group into; phosˈphorylated, phosˈphorylating ppl. adjs.
1931Jrnl. Biol. Chem. XCII. 765 Phosphorylated sugars. 1937Nature 20 Feb. 309/2 Prof. Verzár attributes these observations to the fact that glucose is rapidly phosphorylated in the cells of the living mucous membrane. 1937Biochem. Jrnl. XXXI. 329 (heading) Competition between phosphorylating enzymes in muscle extract. 1962R. van Heyningen in A. Pirie Lens Metabolism Rel. Cataract 399 In general, carbohydrate metabolism in animal tissues proceeds by way of phosphorylated intermediates. 1970R. W. McGilvery Biochem. x. 197 Racker has..suggested that the non⁓heme iron, that is, iron not associated with porphyrins,..may also be associated with the phosphorylating complex rather than with the electron transfer system. 1971[see phosphorylase]. |