| 释义 |
phlorizin Chem.|flɒˈraɪzɪn, ˈflɒrɪzɪn|
Also phlo(r)rhizin, phloˈridzin († -ine), † phloˈridzin(e.
[a. G. phloridzin (L. de Koninck 1835, in Ann. der Pharm. XV. 76; phlorrhizin suggested there by the editor as the proper form of the word, f. Gr. ϕλό-ος, ϕλοι-ός bark + ῥίζα root + -in.]
A bitter substance (C21H24O10), crystallizing in silky needles, obtained from the bark of the root of the apple, pear, plum, and cherry trees. Also formerly called † phloˈridzite. Hence phlorizein |flɒˈraɪziːɪn|, a bitter reddish-brown uncrystallizable solid (C21H30N2O13), a combination of oxygen and ammonia with phlorizin.
1835Amer. Jrnl. Sci. XXVIII. 383 (heading) Phloridzin, a new substance. 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 714 The bark of apple-tree root..yields about 3 per cent. of phloridzite. Ibid., Phloridzite thus obtained, has a dull white colour, with a shade of yellow, and is crystallized in silky needles. 1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 98/2 Phlorizin is by various processes, described by M. Stass, converted into phlorizein, phloretin, and phloretic acid. 1867Bloxam Chem. 478 Phloridzine..is extracted from the bark of the apple, pear, plum, and cherry tree. 1873Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 641 Phlorizin is a substance bearing a great likeness to salicin. 1895Naturalist 26 There is no..phlorizin (the glucoside of the apple tree) in any part of the organism. 1900Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. IV. p. xi, If a well fed milch goat be made to fast two days and phlorhizin be administered three times daily during the two days, the milk flow stops entirely. 1927M. Bodansky Introd. Physiol. Chem. ix. 232 The experimental production of this condition [sc. renal diabetes] was accomplished in 1886 by von Mering upon injecting into animals phlorizin, a glucoside which is found in the root bark of the cherry, apple, pear and plum tree. 1947E. Baldwin Dynamic Aspects Biochem. vii. 199 Both phlorrhizin and iodoacetate are known to be powerful inhibitors of fermentation and glycolysis. 1968Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. I. xi. 21/1 Phlorizin poisons the renal tubules. 1969Datta & Ottaway Biochem. (ed. 2) viii. 154 Active absorption of sugars can be inhibited specifically by low concentrations of phlorrhizin. 1970A. L. Lehninger Biochem. xxii. 491 Such a net conversion of tricarboxylic cycle intermediates is also observed in animals treated with the toxic glycoside phloridzin. 1970R. W. McGilvery Biochem. xvii. 399 Phlorhizin is a polyphenolic glycoside. |