| 释义 |
archetype|ˈɑːkɪtaɪp|
Also 7–8 archi-, 7–9 arch-.
[ad. L. archetypum, a. Gr. ἀρχέτυπον, f. ἀρχε- = ἀρχι- first + τύπος impress, stamp, type.]
1. The original pattern or model from which copies are made; a prototype.
[1599Thynne Animadv. 42 The originall or fyrste archetypum of any thinge.] 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. I. 27 Let vs seeke the dignitie of knowledge in the Arch-tipe or first plat-forme, which is in the attributes and acts of God. 1690Locke Hum. Underst. ii. xxx. (1695) 205 By real Ideas, I mean such as have a Foundation in Nature; such as have a Conformity..with their Archetypes. 1795Mason Ch. Music i. 54 There was little if any Music printed..that could serve as an Architype. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 17 The House of Commons, the archetype of all the representative assemblies which now meet. 1875Scrivener Lect. Gk. Test. 9 These [manuscripts] were made the archetypes of a host of others.
2. spec.
a. in Minting. A coin of standard weight, by which others are adjusted. ? Obs.
b. in Comp. Anat. An assumed ideal pattern of the fundamental structure of each great division of organized beings, of which the various species are considered as modifications.
1849Murchison Siluria xx. 477 Approaching to the vertebrated archetype. 1854Owen in Orr's Circ. Sc. Org. Nat. I. 169 The archetype vertebrate skeleton.
c. In the psychology of C. G. Jung: a pervasive idea, image, or symbol that forms part of the collective unconscious. For the use of the term in Literary Criticism see archetypal a. 2.
1919Jung in Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. X. 22 A factor determining the uniformity and regularity of our apprehension..I term the archetype, the primordial image. 1923H. G. Baynes tr. Jung's Psychol. Types 475 Since earliest times, the inborn manner of acting has been called instinct, and for this manner of psychic apprehension of the object I have proposed the term archetype...This term embraces the same idea as is contained in ‘primordial image’... The archetype is a symbolical formula, which always begins to function whenever there are no conscious ideas present. Ibid. 507 These archetypes, whose innermost nature is inaccessible to experience, represent the precipitate of psychic functioning of the whole ancestral line. 1957N. Frye Anat. of Crit. ii. 99, I mean by an archetype a symbol which connects one poem with another. 1962A. M. Dry Psychol. of Jung iv. 92 For the most part it is the archetypes, not the instincts, with which Jung is concerned. |