| 释义 |
pheˈnomenaˌlism
[f. prec. + -ism.]
a. That manner of thinking which considers things from the point of view of phenomena only.
b. The metaphysical doctrine that phenomena are the only objects of knowledge, or the only realities; externalism.
1865J. Grote Explor. Philos. i. i, I shall call then by the name of ‘phenomenalism’ that notion of the various objects of knowledge which go to make up the universe which belongs to the point of view of physical science. 1865Reader 8 July 29 It seems..to have no clear superiority over the law of gravity, or any other generalization of phenomenalism. 1877E. Caird Philos. Kant ii. ix. 402 Kant's Phenomenalism... The doctrine that the objects of our knowledge are merely phenomenal.
So pheˈnomenalist, one who holds or advocates phenomenalism; also as adj., of or pertaining to phenomenalism or a phenomenalist; hence phenomenaˈlistic a.; phenomenaˈlistically adv., as regards or in terms of phenomenalism. Also phenomenalistically-minded a.
1856Dove Logic Chr. Faith i. ii. ii. §1. 83 We must conclude that both the materialist and phenomenalist are wrong. 1865J. Grote Explor. Philos. i. 92 A view more or less phenomenalistic is natural from the first to our manner of existence here. 1880T. C. Murray Orig. & Growth Ps. ix. 285 He [G. H. Lewis] differs from the modern phenomenalist alone in his result. 1885W. James Coll. Ess. & Rev. (1920) 277 Modern thinkers..for the most part obey a common drift..towards a phenomenalistic or idealistic creed. 1904Phenomenalistic [see ante rem]. 1909Webster, Phenomenalistically. 1914C. D. Broad Perception iii. 166 Berkeley, whose argument is properly phenomenalistic. Ibid. 171 The phenomenalist position has to be stated as follows. 1934A. C. Ewing Idealism vii. 294 A sense which cannot..be analysed phenomenalistically. 1943Mind LII. 340 But surely it ought to worry a phenomenalistically-minded philosopher; and Mr. Smith does not seem to be sufficiently worried by it. 1956E. H. Hutten Lang. Mod. Physics ii. 64 It is..said that a thing-language, or a phenomenalist language, e.g. one taking sense-data as a key-concept, represents an empiricist language. 1963Phenomenalistic [see direct realism]. 1975New Left Rev. Nov.–Dec. 33 Knowledge is restricted to what is known for certain; it is then shown, in a phenomenalistic analysis of perception, that what is known in perception is certain; only perception gives knowledge of things (principle of empiricism); hence knowledge must be what is given in perception. |